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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| University of Pennsylvania | OTHER |
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The study aims to examine the effects of providing omega-3 supplements on young offenders' antisocial behaviour. Participants will be randomized into three groups: (1) Omega-3, (2) Placebo and (3) Treatment as Usual. Self report and correctional officer ratings of behaviour will be assessed at 0 months (baseline), 3 months (end of supplementation), 6 months and 12 months. The investigators hypothesize that omega-3 supplementation will reduce antisocial behaviour among the young offenders.
This study follows up on two prior omega-3 supplementation Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) conducted on young offenders - one in the UK (Gesch et al. 2002) and the Netherlands (Zaalberg et al. 2009).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Omega-3 | Experimental | this group receives a fruit juice drink containing omega-3 |
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| Placebo | Placebo Comparator | this group receives the same fruit juice drink as in the experimental group, but it does not contain omega-3 |
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| Treatment as Usual | Other | this group do not receive a fruit juice drink |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Omega-3 | Combination Product | 1g of omega-3 supplement to be taken per day for a duration of 3 months in the form of a fruit juice drink |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Antisocial Behaviour (Aggression) at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months | Proactive and Reactive Aggression Questionnaire (23 items). Scale of 0 (Never), 1 (Sometimes) and 2 (Often). Total range: 0 (min) to 46 (max). Higher scores indicate higher levels of aggression. 2 subscales: proactive aggression (range: 0 to 22) and reactive aggression (range: 0 to 22). Total and subscale scores computed by summing up the respective items. | 0 Months (baseline), 3 Months, 6 Months, 12 Months |
| Change in Antisocial Behaviour (Conduct and Oppositional Defiance) at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months | Conduct and Oppositional Defiant Disorder Questionnaire (20 items). Scale of 0 (Never), 1 (Sometimes) and 2 (Often). Total range: 0 (min) to 40 (max). Higher scores indicate higher levels of Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder and antisocial behaviour. 2 subscales: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (range: 0 to 16),Conduct Disorder (range: 0 to 24). Total and subscale scores are computed by summing up the respective items. | 0 Months (baseline), 3 Months, 6 Months, 12 Months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Schizotypal Personality | Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire - Brief. The questionnaire consist of 22 items, with participants providing responses in a binary (Yes / No) format. "Yes" is scored as a 1, while "No" is scored a 0, therefore the scale ranges from 0 (min) to 22 (max). Higher scores represent greater levels of schizotypal personality pattern. There are three subscales: interpersonal (range: 0 to 8), cognitive perceptual (range: 0 to 8) and disorganized (0 to 6). Both total and subscale scores are computed by summing up the respective items. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Adrian Raine | University of Pennsylvania | Principal Investigator |
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Requests for data will be reviewed by the Singapore Prison Service.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000987 | Antisocial Personality Disorder |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010554 | Personality Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004281 | Docosahexaenoic Acids |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015525 | Fatty Acids, Omega-3 |
| D004042 | Dietary Fats, Unsaturated |
| D004041 | Dietary Fats |
| D005223 | Fats |
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| Placebo | Combination Product | Fruit juice drink only |
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| Treatment as Usual | Other | Young Offenders Intervention Programme |
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| 0 Months (baseline), 3 Months, 6 Months, 12 Months |
| D008055 |
| Lipids |
| D005231 | Fatty Acids, Unsaturated |
| D005227 | Fatty Acids |
| D005395 | Fish Oils |
| D009821 | Oils |