In order to know more about contemporary clinical treatment ,epidemiological characteristics, and long-term outcomes in patients with Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion（CTO）in China, the study through collecting and effective analyzing basic information, cardiovascular characteristics, contemporary clinical treatment , and long-term outcomes of CTO patients ,to describe the relevant risk factors ,the contemporary incidence of CTOs and the success rates of CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), as well as the complications and long-term outcomes of these patients, to explore the relevant factors which affecting the success rates of PCI therapy and to provide safer and more effective advice for the treatment of CTO.

Study Center : Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital

Study Purpose : Through collecting and effective analyzing basic information, cardiovascular characteristics, contemporary clinical treatment , and long-term outcomes of CTO patients ,to describe the relevant risk factors ,the contemporary incidence of CTOs and the success rates of CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), as well as the complications and long-term outcomes of these patients, to explore the relevant factors which affecting the success rates of PCI therapy and to provide safer and more effective advice for the treatment of CTO.

Study Design : A Retrospective Observational Study

Study Population Description : All CTO patients who has been diagnosed by coronary angiography in Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital in 2016-08-01 to 2020-12-31

Eligibility Criteria :

Entry Criteria :

1. Age ≥17 years old;
2. Finished coronary angiography(CAG) in Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital;
3. CAG found coronary artery(-ies) was/were total occluded more than 3 months;
4. CAG found the diameter of total occluded coronary artery was more than 2.5cm;

Exclude Criteria:

1. Cardiac arrest; Ventricular fibrillation; Cardiogenic shock; Acute thrombosis in the stent; Acute coronary syndrome;
2. The bridge vessel(-s) was/were not total occluded and coronary artery(-ies) was/were total occluded but not trying to revascularize in CAG of the patient who has gone through coronary artery bypass graft before;
3. The diameter was too small or position was too distal of the total occluded coronary artery;
4. Combined severe hepatic or renal insufficiency;
5. The patient who has history of major surgical, cerebral hemorrhage, severe gastrointestinal bleeding, severe anemia, severe allergies, and other anti-platelet drug contraindications in recent 3 months;
6. Pregnant, lactating women;
7. Suffer from malignant tumor or life expectancy less than 2 years

Sample size :

Collecting all cases of CTO patient who has been diagnosed in 2016-08-01 to 2020-12-31 and comply with entry and exclude standards, the expectation of quantity is about 3000-4000.

Follow up time： 2 years

Information collection:

1. Basic information: name, gender, age, hospital number, contact information;
2. Relevant risk factors: medication history, smoking history, drinking history, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, history of dyslipidemia, history of arrhythmia, history of cerebrovascular disease, history of renal insufficiency, previous coronary CTA, and previous myocardial infarction, previous PCI and time, previous CABG surgery and time;
3. Cardiovascular information: Preoperative and postoperative BNP, preoperative and postoperative cTnT, cardiac ultrasonography and LVEF, total occluded coronary artery, collateral circulation establishment, J-CTO score, Progress score, PCI operation mode, contrast agent usage, and final treatment plan;
4. Follow-up content: short-term results (perioperative-related complications) and 2-year long-term results (cardiac and LVEF, cardiac death, re-hospitalization of acute myocardial infarction, and subsequent CABG surgery)

Entry Criteria :

1. Age ≥18 years old;
2. Finished coronary angiography(CAG) in Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital in 2016-08-01 to 2017-07-31;
3. CAG found coronary artery(-ies) was/were total occluded more than 3 months;
4. CAG found the diameter of total occluded coronary artery was more than 2.5cm;

Exclude Criteria:

1. Cardiac arrest; Ventricular fibrillation; Cardiogenic shock; Acute thrombosis in the stent; Acute coronary syndrome;
2. The bridge vessel(-s) was/were not total occluded and coronary artery(-ies) was/were total occluded but not trying to revascularize in CAG of the patient who has gone through coronary artery bypass graft before;
3. The diameter was too small or position was too distal of the total occluded coronary artery;
4. Combined severe hepatic or renal insufficiency;
5. The patient who has history of major surgical, cerebral hemorrhage, severe gastrointestinal bleeding, severe anemia, severe allergies, and other anti-platelet drug contraindications in recent 3 months;
6. Pregnant, lactating women;
7. Suffer from malignant tumor or life expectancy less than 2 years

All CTO patients who has been diagnosed by coronary angiography in Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital in 2016-08-01 to 2017-07-31.