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In sedation applications performed by an endoscopist or anesthetist during colonoscopy, it was investigated whether there were differences in pain levels evaluated by VAS (Visuel analog scale), patient satisfaction, duration of procedure and side effects
Gastrointestinal endoscopes are an invasive and unpleasant procedure that is increasingly being performed worldwide (1). Colonoscopy; is one of the endoscopic procedures that can be used to diagnose and treat large intestine and cause pain and excessive discomfort in the patient (2). For this reason, intravenous (iv) sedative agents are used in endoscopy centers where endoscopy will be performed. However, side effects such as hypoxia and hypotension, which are usually dose-dependent, caused by these sedative agents, play an important role among risk factors associated with colonoscopy (3). For this reason, the use of propofol as an anesthetic is prohibited in some countries, which is a commonly used agent for sedation. However, the presence of an anesthetist during each endoscopy procedure is difficult because there are not enough anesthetists. This application is also more costly. For this reason, studies have been carried out during the gastrointestinal endoscopy when sedation is delivered by someone other than the anesthetist (4). For this purpose, several studies comparing patient-controlled sedation or sedation applied by an endoscopist to sedation performed by anesthesiologist were performed (4, 5). Investigators aimed to investigate whether there is any difference between the two groups in terms of pain levels assessed by VAS (Visuel analog scale) and patient satisfaction by comparing sedation protocols applied by endoscopist or anesthesist during colonoscopy in this study.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| ketamine | ketamine used |
| |
| fentanyl | fentanyl used |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ketamine | Drug | sedation drugs |
| |
| fentanyl |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| pain level - VAS SCALE | Pain level assessed by VAS | during the operation |
| patient satisfaction - Patient satisfaction Scale | patient satisfaction assessed by with satisfaction score of 4 points-scale (1 very good, 2 good, 3 not bad, 4 bad) | during the operation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| operation time | duration of operation time will be asssessed as min. | during the operation |
| side effects questionnaire | Cardio pulmonary side effects (Hypotension, Bradycardia, Desaturation) and other side effects (Nausea and Vomiting, Headache) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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colonoscopy patients with ASA I-II group
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Develi Hatice Muammer Kocatürk Devlet Hastanesi | Develi | Kayseri | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25685266 | Background | Ferreira AO, Cravo M. Sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy: Where are we at in 2014? World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2015 Feb 16;7(2):102-9. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v7.i2.102. | |
| Background | Dal H., S. İzdeş, E. Kesimci, et al. Kolonoskopide sedasyon için propofolün aralıklı bolus veya hedef kontrollü infüzyon yöntemiyle uygulanmasının karşılaştırılması, Türk Anest Rean Der Dergisi, 2011; 39(3): 134-142 | ||
| 12397267 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007649 | Ketamine |
| D005283 | Fentanyl |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003510 | Cyclohexanes |
| D003516 | Cycloparaffins |
| D006840 | Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic |
| D006844 | Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
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| Drug |
sedation drugs |
|
| patient control analgesia | Device | patient control analgesia |
|
| during the operation |
| Background |
| Lee DW, Chan AC, Sze TS, Ko CW, Poon CM, Chan KC, Sin KS, Chung SC. Patient-controlled sedation versus intravenous sedation for colonoscopy in elderly patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Gastrointest Endosc. 2002 Nov;56(5):629-32. doi: 10.1067/mge.2002.128919. |
| 21450542 | Background | Poincloux L, Laquiere A, Bazin JE, Monzy F, Artigues F, Bonny C, Abergel A, Dapoigny M, Bommelaer G. A randomized controlled trial of endoscopist vs. anaesthetist-administered sedation for colonoscopy. Dig Liver Dis. 2011 Jul;43(7):553-8. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2011.02.007. Epub 2011 Mar 29. |
| 16505753 | Background | Crepeau T, Poincloux L, Bonny C, Lighetto S, Jaffeux P, Artigue F, Walleckx P, Bazin JE, Dapoigny M, Bommelaer G. Significance of patient-controlled sedation during colonoscopy. Results from a prospective randomized controlled study. Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2005 Nov;29(11):1090-6. doi: 10.1016/s0399-8320(05)82172-4. |
| D006838 |
| Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D010880 | Piperidines |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |