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The observation of actions and motor imagery has demonstrated the activation of certain mechanisms similar to those that occur during active movement, which could induce immediate changes in the amplitudes of movement and sensorimotor variables in observed and imagined movements. The main aim of the study was test the immediate effect of a protocol of observed actions and motor imagery on cervical range of motion and pain intensity in patients with non-specific chronic neck pain (NSCNP). Randomized double-blind clinical trial in patients with DCCI at a primary health care center in the Community of Madrid. A random distribution of study subjects was made into two groups: a) cervical motion videos were presented at full range of motion and b) the videos presented showed a range of motion limited to 40%. In both groups, visualization tasks of actions were alternated with internal kinesthetic motor imagery, in periods of 1min in 2 consecutive series and with a total of 12 minutes of intervention. Cervical range of motion was assessed with a cervical goniometer and pain intensity immediately following the intervention with an Analog Visual Scale.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Effective movement group | Active Comparator | Observation of a video of neck movement at 100% range of movement, and imagination of the same observed movement, feeling the realization of the movement but not developing it. |
|
| Ineffective movement group | Experimental | Observation of a video of neck movement at 40% range of movement, and imagination of the same observed movement, feeling the realization of the movement but not developing it. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| observed action and motor imaginery | Other | Observation of a video of neck movement and imagination of the same observed movement, feeling the realization of the movement but not developing it. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Cervical Range of Movement | CROM goniometer | at the beginning and after the intervention, until the end of the study (24 hours) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cervical Pain Disability | Neck Disability Index | at the beginning and end of the intervention, until the end of the study (24 hours) |
| Pain Intensity | Visual Ananlogue Scale: 10cm line, were the left limit means "no pain" and the right limit means "worst imaginable pain" |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CS EntrevÃas | Madrid | 28053 | Spain |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23794640 | Background | van Hecke O, Torrance N, Smith BH. Chronic pain epidemiology and its clinical relevance. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Jul;111(1):13-8. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet123. | |
| 27119020 | Background | Munoz-Garcia D, Gil-Martinez A, Lopez-Lopez A, Lopez-de-Uralde-Villanueva I, La Touche R, Fernandez-Carnero J. Chronic Neck Pain and Cervico-Craniofacial Pain Patients Express Similar Levels of Neck Pain-Related Disability, Pain Catastrophizing, and Cervical Range of Motion. Pain Res Treat. 2016;2016:7296032. doi: 10.1155/2016/7296032. Epub 2016 Mar 29. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019547 | Neck Pain |
| D059350 | Chronic Pain |
| D059352 | Musculoskeletal Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| at the beginning and end of the intervention, until the end of the study (24 hours) |
| Catastrophizism | Pain Catastrophizing Scale | at the beginning and end of the intervention, until the end of the study (24 hours) |
| Health Related Quality of Life | EuroQoL-5D-5L | at the beginning and end of the intervention, until the end of the study (24 hours) |
| Anxiety and Depression | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADs) | at the beginning and end of the intervention, until the end of the study (24 hours) |
| 27352085 | Background | Niddam DM, Lee SH, Su YT, Chan RC. Brain structural changes in patients with chronic myofascial pain. Eur J Pain. 2017 Jan;21(1):148-158. doi: 10.1002/ejp.911. Epub 2016 Jun 28. |
| 25206618 | Background | Mao C, Wei L, Zhang Q, Liao X, Yang X, Zhang M. Differences in brain structure in patients with distinct sites of chronic pain: A voxel-based morphometric analysis. Neural Regen Res. 2013 Nov 15;8(32):2981-90. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.32.001. |
| 27917103 | Background | Eaves DL, Riach M, Holmes PS, Wright DJ. Motor Imagery during Action Observation: A Brief Review of Evidence, Theory and Future Research Opportunities. Front Neurosci. 2016 Nov 21;10:514. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00514. eCollection 2016. |
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |