Encountered technical issues with blood plasma samples received from the hospital.

A central challenge in the fight against lung cancers is how to detect disease in a noninvasive manner before it is detectable by imaging methods. Although inroads have been made with more sensitive imaging techniques for earlier detection of breast and lung cancers, these techniques are limited by the size of lesion that could be detected. Alternatively, several blood proteomic biomarkers have been proposed but none offer as of yet sufficient predictive power. Consequently, effective non-invasive tools as prognostic indicators and biomarkers of lung cancer is urgently needed.

The purpose of this study is to develop and test non-invasive biomarkers based on methylation changes in PBMC and circulated tumor DNA in lung cancer patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Histological confirmed lung cancer

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant women
• Minors (subjects less than 18 years of age)
• Prisoners
• Patients with known infectious disease, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis (TB), or hepatitis B, C
• Patients having other than one cancer
• Subjects unable to consent for themselves

Patients will be assigned an ID that will be kept confidential according to hospital regulations. IDs will be randomized so that identity will not be revealed except to the approved hospital personnel. Methylation data will be returned to the hospital for follow up of progression of disease and for assessing early prediction of progression of lung cancer and will be entered into the data base. Other clinical follow up data will be entered into the electronic data base. All data will be captured in case report form.