Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP) causes wart-like growths in the airway which can make it difficult to breathe, speak and carry out normal everyday activities. It is a rare condition affecting all ages, but is more common and aggressive in children than in adults, affecting 4 in every 100,000 children. There is no known cure for RRP, but symptoms are checked through regular hospital visits, with multiple therapies or procedures under general anaesthetic needed to remove or shrink the growths which can grow back quickly. The problem is that nobody knows which therapies or procedures work best. Aim: To identify which RRP treatments currently used in National Health Service (NHS) hospitals within the United Kingdom (UK) are the most effective and safest in the short- and long-term. It will also identify which patients respond best to specific treatments, and those who are at higher risk of experiencing a complication after treatment.

Method: Collect information from usual patient care and quality of life questionnaire responses in a secure online database. Participation in this study requires patient/parent/guardian consent. This observational study does not require patients to undergo any additional intervention as part of the research.

Primary aim:

The overall goal is to improve the care of patients with Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP) - and the investigators aim to do this by determining the most effective and safe RRP treatments currently being used in patients in National Health Service (NHS) hospitals within the United Kingdom (UK) (information which is currently lacking).

By determining the most effective treatments of RRP, the investigators will be able to increase the time interval between surgical interventions to maintain symptomatic control, reduce overall number of RRP interventions, severity and spread of papillomas in the airway, hospital visits, medications and ultimately improve quality of life in those suffering from RRP. By also capturing peri- and post-procedural details the investigators will be able to determine the relative safety of treatments and identify those which slow the progression of disease.

From the data collected the investigators intend to identify patient subgroups (based on patient characteristics such as age, gender, human papillomavirus (HPV) type, location of papillomas, RRP severity and spread, comorbidities) who respond better to specific treatments, and also identify patient risk factors which contribute to the complication outcomes (such as tracheostomy).

Secondary aims:

• build an evidence base of the different RRP treatments used across the UK which will help to formulate hypotheses for future research in RRP and improve quality of life for RRP patients;
• inform National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) interventional procedure guidance on radiofrequency cold ablation (IPG434,2012), which is currently under special arrangements due to lack of safety and efficacy evidence;
• identify common symptoms or signs associated with RRP disease profile, to aid future diagnosis of RRP;
• determine the geographical spread of RRP patients across the UK, to inform effective use of future NHS resources and inform the Department of Health strategy in its quadrivalent HPV vaccination programme (protecting against four types of HPV including types 6 and 11 commonly associated with RRP) currently offered to 12-13 year old girls within the NHS childhood vaccination programme;
• inform future development of national clinical guidance on management of RRP to ensure that everyone receives the best care based on best available current knowledge;
• determine impact of COVID on RRP patients including changes to RRP management, RRP symptoms.

Objectives:

The investigators will make use of an existing secure online database platform (the Airway Intervention Registry, AIR - developed and hosted by The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NUTH) and its associated infrastructure and develop it to capture additional observational outcomes from standard clinical practice and quality of life questionnaires from RRP patients. All RRP patients (any age) receiving treatment in any UK NHS hospital will be eligible for inclusion. Data collection will be open for 53 months with no minimum follow-up required for patients. Due to its recurrent nature (requiring regular hospital visits to maintain an open airway), following this patient population will allow the investigators to determine both the short- and long-term relative safety and efficacy of RRP treatments used in the UK. Consent will be required (from patients/parent/guardian) before data are entered into the online database.

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients of any age (no restrictions) diagnosed with (newly diagnosed or existing) and receiving treatment for respiratory papillomatosis
• informed assent/consent of data participation provided by patient/parent/guardian

Exclusion Criteria:

• patients participating in other studies

Patients with respiratory papillomatosis receiving hospital treatment

Patients will be informed that all data collected will be used for research purposes, no patient identifiable information will be shared with external parties for commercial purposes, patient identifiable information will only be accessible by clinicians at their treating organisation, pseudonymised data will be accessed by study analysts, and that only anonymised high-level aggregate data will be shared with other centres to update participating centres of study progress and data completeness issues. Patients will also be informed that any external researchers requesting data from the registry will be required to submit a formal application form and evidence of appropriate ethical approvals in place for review by the Steering Group. If approval is given, only anonymised data will be shared for the purposes of external research studies.