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The ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate is produced during prolonged fasting or when endogenous carbohydrate stores are depleted and can be used as an alternative fuel source. Exogenous beta-hydroxybutyrate, in the form of a ketone monoester, is proposed to have glucose-lowering potential but this has not been adequately studied. The purpose of this study is to determine whether supplementing with an acute dose of ketone monoester can improve the glycemic response to an oral glucose tolerance test in individuals with impaired fasting glucose.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ketone monoester | Experimental | Acute morning dose of (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (0.45 ml/kg body weight) |
|
| Placebo | Placebo Comparator | Acute morning dose of flavour-matched placebo. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ketone monoester | Dietary Supplement | Acute ingestion of (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate prior a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Glucose area under the curve | Area under the curve for glucose during oral glucose tolerance test | 2-hour |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Insulin area under the curve | Insulin area under the curve during oral glucose tolerance test | 2-hour |
| Free fatty acids area under the curve | Non-esterified fatty acids area under the curve during oral glucose tolerance test |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of British Columbia, Okanagan. | Kelowna | British Columbia | V1V 1V7 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31599919 | Derived | Myette-Cote E, Caldwell HG, Ainslie PN, Clarke K, Little JP. A ketone monoester drink reduces the glycemic response to an oral glucose challenge in individuals with obesity: a randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 Dec 1;110(6):1491-1501. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz232. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007662 | Ketosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000138 | Acidosis |
| D000137 | Acid-Base Imbalance |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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Placebo masked with flavouring and participants consume in opaque containers
| Placebo | Dietary Supplement | Acute ingestion of a taste-matched placebo prior a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test. |
|
| 2-hour |
| Caspase-1 activation | Caspase-1 activation assessed before and after ketone or placebo ingestion in the morning | 15 minutes |
| Inflammatory cytokines | Inflammatory cytokines assessed before and after ketone or placebo ingestion in the morning | 15 minutes |
| C-peptide area under the curve | C-peptide area under the curve during oral glucose tolerance test | 2-hour |
| GLP-1 area under the curve | GLP-1 area under the curve during oral glucose tolerance test | 2-hour |
| Glucagon area under the curve | Glucagon area under the curve during oral glucose tolerance test | 2-hour |
| Glucose incremental area under the curve | Incremental area under the curve (above baseline) for glucose during oral glucose tolerance test | 2-hour |
| Insulin incremental area under the curve | Incremental area under the curve (above baseline) for insulin during oral glucose tolerance test | 2-hour |
| 2-hr glucose level | Plasma glucose assessed 2-hr after oral glucose tolerance test. | 2-hour |
| Oral glucose sensitivity index | Oral glucose sensitivity index derived from glucose and insulin values throughout the 2-hr oral glucose tolerance test | 2-hour |