A retrospective study including 22 patients who have undergone amniotic membrane transplant in our unit up till 2016. Confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) were performed to assess the retention of amniotic membrane and to detect any corneal structural changes. Comparison was made with 5 controls who had bullous keratopathy awaiting endothelial keratoplasty.

This retrospective cohort study (CREC Ref No.: CRE-2013.687) was approved by the Joint Chinese University of Hong Kong-New Territories East Cluster Clinical Research Ethics Committee. All patients who had AMT done due to symptomatic bullous keratopathy at the Prince of Wales Hospital and Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital (from 1998 onwards till June 2016) were invited back for confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) at the clinic by the principal investigator (GS) from October to November 2016.

Inclusion Criteria:

• All patients who have undergone amniotic membrane transplant in our cluster up till 2016.
• Patients who have bullous keratopathy on conservative treatment such as lubricants, bandage contact lens

Exclusion Criteria:

• patients who refuse to participate in the study, have passed away or cannot return for the clinical assessment will be excluded.

Cases who have undergone amniotic membrane transplant in our unit up till 2016 and controls who had bullous keratopathy awaiting endothelial keratoplasty