Evaluate the reproducibility and validate a posteriori a new rule of clinical decision on a multi-center population of children with a post-chemotherapy febrile neutropenia

Inclusion Criteria:

• Child aged 1 to 18 years
• Child with hematology or cancer
• Child with a febrile neutropenia post-chemotherapy
• Child with social security
• No opposition from the child and/or parents, in case of absence, the holder of the parental authority present, can consent, alone, to the participation of the unemancipated minor.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Febrile neutropenia at diagnosis of tumor disease
• Child with palliative care
• Child having had a hematopoietic stem cell allo-graft in the preceding year
• Febrile neutropenia immediately post auto-transplant
• Antibiotherapy prior to admission
• Initial care in a non-investigative center.

Patient with hematology or cancer who consults for febrile neutropenia post-chemotherapy