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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Metabolic Technologies Inc. | INDUSTRY |
| Dymatize Enterprises, LLC | UNKNOWN |
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The objective of this study is to examine the effects of time-restricted feeding (TRF; consuming all calories within an 8-hour period of time each day) and resistance training, with or without the addition of the dietary supplement HMB, on body composition, muscular performance and physiological outcomes in active females.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal Diet | Placebo Comparator | Participants in the normal diet (ND) group will follow a traditional dietary pattern, consisting of eating breakfast and continuing to eat throughout the day until the evening. Participants in this group will receive placebo capsules. Participants in all groups will follow an identical resistance training program and be provided with whey protein supplements. |
|
| Time-Restricted Feeding | Experimental | Participants in the time-restricted feeding (TRF) group will consume all calories within an 8-hour period of time each day. Participants in this group will receive placebo capsules. Participants in all groups will follow an identical resistance training program and be provided with whey protein supplements. |
|
| Time-Restricted Feeding plus HMB | Experimental | Participants in the time-restricted feeding plus HMB (TRF+HMB) group will consume all calories within an 8-hour period of time each day. Participants in this group will receive HMB capsules. Participants in all groups will follow an identical resistance training program and be provided with whey protein supplements. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate | Dietary Supplement | 3 grams per day of the calcium salt form of beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB). |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Fat mass | Assessed using multi-compartment model | 8 weeks |
| Fat-free mass | Assessed using multi-compartment model | 8 weeks |
| Body fat percentage | Assessed using multi-compartment model | 8 weeks |
| Upper body muscle hypertrophy | Muscle thickness of elbow flexor muscles | 8 weeks |
| Lower body muscle hypertrophy | Muscle thickness of knee extensor muscles | 8 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Lower body muscular strength | Assessed by 1RM on leg press | 8 weeks |
| Lower body muscular power characteristics | Assessed during vertical jump and isometric squats |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Grant Tinsley, Ph.D. | Texas Tech University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Texas Tech University | Lubbock | Texas | 79409 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27737674 | Background | Moro T, Tinsley G, Bianco A, Marcolin G, Pacelli QF, Battaglia G, Palma A, Gentil P, Neri M, Paoli A. Effects of eight weeks of time-restricted feeding (16/8) on basal metabolism, maximal strength, body composition, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk factors in resistance-trained males. J Transl Med. 2016 Oct 13;14(1):290. doi: 10.1186/s12967-016-1044-0. | |
| 27550719 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C004961 | beta-hydroxyisovaleric acid |
| D055070 | Resistance Training |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005081 | Exercise Therapy |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
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Investigators and participants will be blinded to dietary supplement (i.e. HMB or placebo). However, neither the investigators nor participants will be blinded to dietary intervention (TRF or ND) due to the nature of these dietary programs. When possible, outcome assessors will be blinded to group assignment.
|
| Resistance Training | Other | Performing supervised resistance training three times per week. |
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| Protein Supplementation | Dietary Supplement | Consuming a protein supplement daily. |
|
| Time-Restricted Feeding | Behavioral | Consuming all calories within a specified 8-hour period of time each day. |
|
|
| 8 weeks |
| Lower body muscular endurance | Assessed by repetitions to failure on leg press | 8 weeks |
| Upper body muscular strength | Assessed by 1RM on bench press | 8 weeks |
| Upper body muscular endurance | Assessed by repetitions to failure on bench press | 8 weeks |
| Cortisol awakening response | Assessed via analysis of saliva samples | 8 weeks |
| Lipid panel | Measured from fasted blood sample | 8 weeks |
| Blood glucose | Measured from fasted blood sample | 8 weeks |
| Blood insulin | Measured from fasted blood sample | 8 weeks |
| Blood C-reactive protein | Measured from fasted blood sample | 8 weeks |
| Blood pressure | Measured using automated device | 8 weeks |
| Arterial compliance | Assessed by applanation tonometry | 8 weeks |
| Resting metabolic rate | Assessed by indirect calorimetry | 8 weeks |
| Respiratory quotient | Assessed by indirect calorimetry | 8 weeks |
| Mood | Assessed by questionnaire | 8 weeks |
| Eating behavior | Assessed by three-factor eating questionnaire R18 | 8 weeks |
| Sleep quality | Assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index | 8 weeks |
| Physical activity level | Assessed by accelerometry. | 8 weeks |
| Tinsley GM, Forsse JS, Butler NK, Paoli A, Bane AA, La Bounty PM, Morgan GB, Grandjean PW. Time-restricted feeding in young men performing resistance training: A randomized controlled trial. Eur J Sport Sci. 2017 Mar;17(2):200-207. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2016.1223173. Epub 2016 Aug 22. |
| 26374764 | Background | Tinsley GM, La Bounty PM. Effects of intermittent fasting on body composition and clinical health markers in humans. Nutr Rev. 2015 Oct;73(10):661-74. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv041. Epub 2015 Sep 15. |
| 33512717 | Derived | Allaf M, Elghazaly H, Mohamed OG, Fareen MFK, Zaman S, Salmasi AM, Tsilidis K, Dehghan A. Intermittent fasting for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Jan 29;1(1):CD013496. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013496.pub2. |
| 31268131 | Derived | Tinsley GM, Moore ML, Graybeal AJ, Paoli A, Kim Y, Gonzales JU, Harry JR, VanDusseldorp TA, Kennedy DN, Cruz MR. Time-restricted feeding plus resistance training in active females: a randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 Sep 1;110(3):628-640. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz126. |
| D005791 |
| Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D064797 | Physical Conditioning, Human |
| D015444 | Exercise |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |