Intraperitoneal Bupivacaine With Magnesium or Nalbuphine for Postoperative Pain Control in Laparoscopic Hysterectomy

Intraperitoneal Instillation of Bupivacaine With Either Magnesium Sulphate or Nalbuphine for Postoperative Pain Control in Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: a Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded Trial.

The purpose of this study is to compare between the addition of Mg sulphate or Nalbuphine to intraperitoneal bupivacaine installation in laparoscopic hysterectomy for postoperative pain control and their relative adverse effects.

Inclusion Criteria:

• American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II
• scheduled for laparoscopic hysterectomy

Exclusion Criteria:

• ASA physical status more than II
• Obesity (body mass index higher than 30 kg/ m2)
• History of chronic opioids intake
• Known hypomagnesaemia or hypermagnesaemia
• Chronic alcoholism
• Heart block
• Renal failure
• Patients with history of left ventricular failure
• Patients taking beta-blocking drugs
• Allergy to the study drugs
• if surgery changed to open hysterectomy,