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Parturients who undergo emergency Cesarean section (C-sec) after experiencing labor pain are likely to develop pain-induced central sensitization. The investigators hypothesized that those without epidural labor analgesia undergoing subsequent emergency C-sec would experience more severe postoperative pain or require more analgesia after C-sec compared to those with epidural labor analgesia. Thus, the investigators conducted this retrospective study by grouping parturients undergoing emergency C-sec after experiencing labor pain into two groups (epidural labor group and no epidural labor group) and those undergoing elective C-sec aimed to compare the effect of epidural labor analgesia on postoperative pain severity and analgesic consumption.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Epidural (ED) emergent C-sec |
| ||
| Non-ED emergent C-sec | |||
| Non-ED elective C-sec |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epidural labor analgesia | Procedure | Epidural catheter was inserted for labor analgesia using an 18-gauge Tuohy needle and a 20 gauge epidural catheter. In our institute, for epidural labor analgesia, 10 ml bolus of 0.075% levobupivacaine mixed with fentanyl 2 μg/ml was administered and same regimen was continuously infused by patient-controlled epidural analgesia (infusion rate : 10 ml/hr, bolus : 4 ml, lockout time: 30 min). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The change of numerical rating scale for postoperative pain | At postoperative 6h, 24h, 48h, and 72h. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The change of postoperative analgesic consumption | At postoperative 6h, 24h, 48h, and 72h. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients underwent elective or emergent Cesarean section.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seoul National University Bundang Hospital | Seongnam-si | Gyeonggi-do | 463-707 | South Korea |
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