The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of molidustat in non-dialysis subjects previously treated with Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents (ESAs)

Inclusion Criteria:

• Subjects with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)< 60 mL/min/1.73m^2 (Chronic kidney disease [CKD] stages 3 to 5)
• Have used the same ESA for 8 weeks prior to screening
• Treated with darbepoetin alfa with bi-weekly or monthly dose, epoetin beta pegol with monthly, OR epoetin alfa/beta weekly or bi-weekly, and having had no more than one dose change within 8 weeks prior to randomization
• Body weight > 40 and ≤ 160 kg at screening
• Male or female subject ≥ 20 years of age at screening
• Not on dialysis and not expected to start dialysis during the study period
• Mean screening Hb level ≥ 10.0 and < 13.0 g/dL (mean of all central laboratory Hb levels [at least 2 measurements must be taken ≥ 2 days apart] during the 8-week screening period, AND all Hb level must be measured by the central laboratory, AND the difference between the lowest level and highest level is < 1.2 g/dL), with the last screening Hb level measurement within 14 days prior to randomization
• Ferritin ≥ 100 ng/mL or Transferrin saturation ≥ 20%

Exclusion Criteria:

• New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV congestive heart failure
• History of cardio- (cerebro-) vascular events (e.g., unstable angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, pulmonary thromboembolism, and acute limb ischemia) within 6 months prior to randomization
• Sustained and poorly controlled arterial hypertension (defined as systolic BP (blood pressure)≥ 180mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 110mmHg) or hypotension (defined as systolic BP < 90mmHg) at randomization
• Proliferative choroidal or retinal disease, such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration or proliferative diabetic retinopathy requiring invasive treatment (e.g., intraocular injections or laser photocoagulation)