The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of molidustat in non-dialysis subjects with renal anemia who are not treated with Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents (ESAs).

Inclusion Criteria:

• Subjects with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)< 60 mL/min/1.73m^2 (Chronic kidney disease [CKD] stages 3 to 5)
• Body weight > 40 and ≤ 160 kg at screening
• Male or female subject ≥ 20 years of age at screening
• Not on dialysis and not expected to start dialysis during the study period
• Not treated with ESAs and/or HIF-PH inhibitors within 8 weeks prior to randomization
• Mean of the last 2 central laboratory Hb levels during the screening period must be ≥ 8.0 and < 11.0 g/dL (2 measurements must be taken ≥ 2 days apart and the difference between the 2 measurements must be < 1.2 g/dL) and the last measurements must be taken within 14 days prior to randomization
• Ferritin ≥ 50 ng/mL at screening

Exclusion Criteria:

• New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV congestive heart failure
• History of cardio- (cerebro-) vascular events (e.g., unstable angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, pulmonary thromboembolism, and acute limb ischemia) within 6 months prior to randomization
• Sustained and poorly controlled arterial hypertension (defined as systolic BP≥ 180mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 110mmHg) or hypotension (defined as systolic BP < 90mmHg) at randomization
• Proliferative choroidal or retinal disease, such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration or proliferative diabetic retinopathy requiring invasive treatment (e.g., intraocular injections or laser photocoagulation)