Epidemiology of Resistant Microbial Strains Among Different Groups of People (Healthy, Infected and Exposed to Animals)

Transfer Routes of Antibiotic Resistance

This study investigates carriage rate and risk factors for acquiring multiresistant bacteria (ESBL producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant and multidrug resistant P.aeruginosa, MRSA and VRE) in hospitalised patients and healthy volunteers.

I group Hospitalised patients Inclusion Criteria

• MDR bacteria (listed above) isolated from clinical specimen
• hospitalisation to the Tartu University Hospital or North Estonia Medical Centre or West Tallinn Central Hospital or East-Tallinn Central Hospital or The Hospital of Reconstructive Surgery

II group Healthy volunteers Inclusion Criteria

• age >6 months
• have not received any antibacterial treatment in previous 3 months
• have not been hospitalised in previous 3 months

III group Dog owners Inclusion Criteria

• age >6 months
• have not received any antibacterial treatment in previous 3 months
• have not been hospitalised in previous 3 months
• owning a dog

IV group veterinarians Inclusion Criteria

• have not received any antibacterial treatment in previous 3 months
• have not been hospitaliZed in previous 3 months
• working as a veterinarian

V group pig farmers Inclusion Criteria

• have not received any antibacterial treatment in previous 3 months
• have not been hospitalized in previous 3 months
• occupation as a pig farmer