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Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Injection is helpful for the treatment of lumbosacral radicular pain.
Tunnel view technique is the basis of X-ray assisted intervention. In this technique, it is necessary to handle the block needle in order to adjust the direction of needle to the tunnel view toward target. If a mirror is used during needle handling, overall procedure time and radiation exposure can be reduced.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| normal method group (group A) | Active Comparator | A mirror is not used in tunnel view technique (conventional manner) |
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| mirror use group (group B) | Experimental | A mirror is used in tunnel view technique |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fluoroscopically Guided Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Injections | Procedure | Lay the subject down on the stomach and hold the pillow on the stomach. The skin of the injection area is sterilized by aseptic method and covered with aseptic pouch. After confirming the level of he vertebrae around the C-arm and aligning the anteroposterior view of the endplate of the vertebral body, rotate the C-arm 20~30 degrees diagonally in the direction to be performed. After confirming the best Scotty dog view, confirm the final target point at 6 o'clock directly below the pedicle. At this position, the skin point is marked on the skin. And then both groups proceed in parallel with the beam direction of the transducer with the tunnel view technique until the needle reaches the back of the vertebral body at the level of the spinal nerve roots. At this time group A uses a mirror and group B dose not. The final reach of the target point (ideal depth) is confirmed through the anterior and posterior views and lateral views. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| radiation exposure time(second) | In both groups, overall procedure time recorded on the monitor is recorded after the procedure is over. | Immediately after the procedure |
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Inclusion Criteria:
1. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical manifestations of adult men and women over 20 years of age are eligible for radiculopathy due to back nerve root compression and subject to fluoroscopically guided lumbar transforaminal epidural Injection at the suspected spinal nerveroots level.
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dept. of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine | Seoul | 03722 | South Korea |
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normal method group (group A) mirror use group (group B)
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| conventional manner | Procedure | A portable mirror is located at the side of surgical table and used in this procedure. |
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