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This study aims to evaluate the effect of Virtual Reality (VR) as a distraction method to help those patients undergoing trigger points therapy to reduce anxiety and increase patient satisfaction. Half of the participants will wear VR gear, meanwhile the other half will be in control group, which will not wear VR headset, only the normal care.
trigger points can cause a wide range of pain symptoms; pain in the anterior shoulder and down the arm, headache pain, back pain, hip pain, knee pain, frozen shoulder pain, and other symptoms. Local anesthetic injections and lidocaine injections are common "wet" needling treatments for trigger points injections. The proposed mechanism by which trigger points injections alleviate pain is based on mechanical disruption of the taut bands of muscle with palpation based needling. During injections, patients may feel an intensified pain and a twitch response.
Distraction has been proved to be an effective tool in pain management, and it can also be used for a variety of medical procedures. By engaging in assigned tasks, pain and anxiety are assumed to be lessened throughout the procedure, while leaving patients less occupied by pain stimuli. . An immersive virtual environment may be preferable to medications such as sedatives, due to side effects and prolonged discharge from procedure suite. Occasionally, medications may not even be available in a busy interventional pain suite. At the UCD pain clinic, we do not offer sedating medications for bedside procedures like trigger point injections. By wearing VR headset, patients may feel less tense, anxious, and painful during trigger point injections.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality intervention | Experimental | Participants will be wearing Virtual Reality headset called Oculus gear equipped with Samsung galaxy S7 during the trigger point injections. The VR app chosen is called Relax VR - Rest, Relaxation & Meditation, which will provide a calm beach scene with waves and soothing musics. |
|
| control | No Intervention | Participants in this group will receive trigger point injections without any intervention. The trigger point injections will be performed in daily manner. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual Reality headset | Device | The participants in this group would wear Virtual Reality headset called Oculus Gear VR during their trigger point injections. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in anxiety level | Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory items measuring state anxiety. All items are rated on a 4-point scale, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety. | Immediately pre- and post-procedure |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in pain score | Participants will be asked to indicate pain score in a scale of 0-10, with higher scores indicating greater pain. | Immediately pre- and post-procedure |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Naileshni Singh, MD | University of California, Davis | Principal Investigator |
| Samir Sheth, MD | University of California, Davis | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of California, Davis | Sacramento | California | 95817 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27704503 | Background | Gerwin RD. Myofascial Trigger Point Pain Syndromes. Semin Neurol. 2016 Oct;36(5):469-473. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1586262. Epub 2016 Sep 23. | |
| 24338700 | Background | Zhou JY, Wang D. An update on botulinum toxin A injections of trigger points for myofascial pain. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2014 Jan;18(1):386. doi: 10.1007/s11916-013-0386-z. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000377 | Agnosia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010468 | Perceptual Disorders |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| 18992040 | Background | Scott NA, Guo B, Barton PM, Gerwin RD. Trigger point injections for chronic non-malignant musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review. Pain Med. 2009 Jan;10(1):54-69. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2008.00526.x. Epub 2008 Nov 5. |
| 20691523 | Background | Malloy KM, Milling LS. The effectiveness of virtual reality distraction for pain reduction: a systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2010 Dec;30(8):1011-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2010.07.001. Epub 2010 Jul 13. |
| 24823326 | Background | Jeffs D, Dorman D, Brown S, Files A, Graves T, Kirk E, Meredith-Neve S, Sanders J, White B, Swearingen CJ. Effect of virtual reality on adolescent pain during burn wound care. J Burn Care Res. 2014 Sep-Oct;35(5):395-408. doi: 10.1097/BCR.0000000000000019. |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |