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This is an online study that aims to test the effectiveness of Interpretative Nutrition Rating Systems (INRS) such as the Health Star Rating System (HSR or Star System), traffic light system and warning labels (high sodium, saturated fat and sugar) proposed by Health Canada. The study will incorporate the use of a Smartphone application (app), FoodFlip®, to help educate consumers on each INRS prior to their exposure on food packages.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Traffic Light | Experimental | Participants in this group will be provided with a survey that shows the food and beverage packages with traffic light front of pack labels only. Intervention is the Nutrition Rating System - Traffic Light |
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| Star System | Experimental | Participants in this group will be provided with a survey that shows the food and beverage packages with health star rating front of pack labels only. Intervention is the Nutrition Rating System - Health Star Rating |
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| Warning Label | Experimental | Participants in this group will be provided with a survey that shows the food and beverage packages with warning front of pack labels only. Intervention is the Nutrition Rating System - Warning Labels |
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| Control | No Intervention | Participants in this group will be provided with a survey that shows the food and beverage packages without any front of pack labels. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrition Rating System - Traffic Light | Other | Behavioural: Nutrition Rating Systems (shown on the online survey and the mobile app) provide consumers with an interpretation of the healthfulness of a food or beverage, by indicating the levels (low=green, moderate=amber, high=red) of sodium, saturated fat and sugar in a product based on modified Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) criteria. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Comprehension task - ability to identify healthy products (survey measure) | The participant's ability to identify the most healthy product in a group of 5 products in a task rating 5 products with varying levels of 'healthiness' according to modified FSANZ criteria. Question wording: Please rank these products in terms of healthiness where 1 is the"most healthy" and 5 is the "least healthy" cereal | 1 day (assessed immediately after app task and while viewing products with labelling system applied |
| Comprehension task - ability to identify unhealthy products (survey measure) | The participant's ability to identify the least healthy product in a group of products in a group of 5 products in a task rating 5 products with varying levels of 'healthiness' according to modified FSANZ criteria. Question wording: Please rank these products in terms of healthiness where 1 is the"most healthy" and 5 is the "least healthy" cereal | 1 day (assessed immediately after app task and while viewing products with labelling system applied |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Comprehension task - ability to identify the overall 'healthiness' of a product (survey measure - Likert scale) | The participant's ability to accurately rate a product as more or less healthy according to the type and amount of nutritional information on the product, using a 7 point Likert scale. Question wording: How healthy is this (product) for you? | 1 day (assessed immediately after app task and while viewing products with labelling system applied |
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Inclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Toronto | Toronto | Ontario | M5S3E2 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33019950 | Derived | Vanderlee L, Franco-Arellano B, Ahmed M, Oh A, Lou W, L'Abbe MR. The efficacy of 'high in' warning labels, health star and traffic light front-of-package labelling: an online randomised control trial. Public Health Nutr. 2021 Jan;24(1):62-74. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020003213. Epub 2020 Oct 6. | |
| 32050996 | Derived |
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| Nutrition Rating System - Health Star | Other | Behavioural: Nutrition Rating Systems (shown on the online survey and the mobile app) provide consumers with an interpretation of the healthfulness of a food or beverage product by indicating the number of stars awarded to a product, from 0.5 to 5 stars, based on modified Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) nutrient profiling criteria. |
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| Nutrition Rating System - Warning Label | Other | Behavioural: Nutrition Rating Systems (shown on the online survey and the mobile app) provide consumers with an interpretation of the healthfulness of a food or beverage product by indicating with a warning label products that are "high" in sodium, saturated fat and sugar, based on a percent daily value (%DV) greater than 15% for individual products and 30% for combination dishes. |
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| Smartphone application FoodFlip Device® | Device | This is embedded within each condition to inform and educate consumers about the labelling condition/intervention to which they are randomized. All participants are assigned to an app task to view 20 products and see the 'rating' these products would get according to their condition. |
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| Hypothetical purchasing of products (survey measure - Likert scale) | The participant's perceived likelihood of purchasing a product according to the type and amount of nutritional information on the product, using a 7 point Likert scale. Question wording: Assume this product has a cost similar to other (product category). If you were shopping for (product), how likely would you be to purchase this one? | 1 day (assessed immediately after app task and while viewing products with labelling system applied |
| Ahmed M, Oh A, Vanderlee L, Franco-Arellano B, Schermel A, Lou W, L'Abbe MR. A randomized controlled trial examining consumers' perceptions and opinions on using different versions of a FoodFlip(c) smartphone application for delivery of nutrition information. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020 Feb 12;17(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s12966-020-0923-1. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
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