This study will compare cataract patients before and after phacoemulsification. Evaluations will be performed before and 1 and 3 months following cataract surgery, including parameters of dry eye syndrome and MGD. Dry eye syndrome parameters included TBUT, Schirmer's test type I, Oxford staining score, and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) Questionnaire. MGD parameters consisted of lipid layer thickness (LLT), lid margin abnormality, meibum quality, meibum expressibility, MG orifice obstruction, MGD stage, and MG dropout.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with cataract surgery planning with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation with or without mild dry eye syndrome

Exclusion Criteria:

• the previous use of eye drops, except artificial tears within 3 months before cataract surgery
• a history of previous ocular surgery or trauma
• the presence of ocular comorbidities such as glaucoma, uveitis, cystoid macular edema, and any surgical complications including rupture of the posterior capsule during cataract surgery.