Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) and Tear Cytokines After Cataract Surgery According to Preoperative Meibomian Gland Status

To investigate the possible mechanisms by which cataract surgery aggravates meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), the investigators evaluated the changes in tear cytokines and ocular surface parameters after cataract surgery according to the preoperative MGD grade.

Inclusion Criteria:

• males or non-pregnant females aged between 55 to 80 years-old.

Exclusion Criteria:

• had a history of ocular diseases, such as ocular infection, ocular allergy, and autoimmune disease, as well as patients with continuous use of topical ocular medications before surgery, or histories of ocular surgery or ocular injury.