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Periodontitis is an infectious inflammatory disease affecting the periodontal tissue (Gingivae, alveolar bone, periodontal ligament and cementum). Chronic Periodontitis is considered to be the most prevalent disease after dental caries which is linked to increased levels of C- reactive protein, interleukins and matrix metallo-proteinases. Interleukin- 1β and Matrix metalloproteinase-8 have been shown to be robust markers of inflammatory cascade of chronic periodontitis.Various treatment modalities including scaling and root planing, toothpastes and chlorhexidine based mouthwashes have been are known to be associated with various side effects like teeth staining, altered taste sensation, mucosal burning. Hence,the use of natural medicaments could provide a better alternative because of their fewer side effects and cost effectiveness.
Periodontal disease is one of the most common diseases in humans and is responsible for most of the tooth loss in adults. World health Organisation report of 2005 described that the global problem persisted with the worldwide oral diseases such as dental caries, periodontal disease, tooth loss, oral mucosal lesions and oro-pharyngeal cancer. According to a local study the prevalence of periodontitis is found to be more in males of older age group and more in rural areas owing to the lack of awareness of importance of oral hygiene.
Apart from various conventional treatment option for periodontitis a number of herbal medicinal intervention have been used for its treatment. Plant extracts and herbs that have been used previously used for periodontal therapy include Salvadora persica, Arnica Montana and Hamamelis virginiana which have been shown to exhibit antibacterial activity against periodonto-pathic bacteria. Phytomedicines (Medicines derived from herbal plants) like indian gum arabic, aloe vera, nim, carvacrol, garlic, wild coffee and propolis resin have been used in dentistry as anti-inflammatory, antibiotics, analgesic and hypnotic agents. Propolis resin, guava and triphala have been also been used for the treatment of periodontitis
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal Saline | Placebo Comparator | The group contains healthy individuals with chronic periodontitis who will receive Normal Saline as placebo |
|
| Nigella Sativa | Experimental | The group contains healthy individuals with chronic periodontitis who will receive Nigella sativa Oil as intervention |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nigella Sativa Oil | Drug | The individuals will apply 55 drops of Nigella sativa Oil on gingivae twice daily for two weeks |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Levels of IL 1-Beta and MMP-8 | These inflammatory marker will be measured in patients saliva again after 2 weeks. There will be reduction in their levels. | 2 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ghazala Hassan, MPhil | Contact | +92 320 4635693 | mashal_18@hotmail.com | |
| Sarah Ghafoor, PhD | Contact | +92 324 4787457 | sarahghafoor@uhs.edu.pk |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ghazala Hassan, MPhil | Research Scholar | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatima Memorial Hospital | Lahore | Punjab Province | 0092 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20339371 | Background | Zadik Y, Bechor R, Galor S, Levin L. Periodontal disease might be associated even with impaired fasting glucose. Br Dent J. 2010 May 22;208(10):E20. doi: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2010.291. Epub 2010 Mar 26. | |
| 25098434 | Background | Gupta N, Gupta ND, Gupta A, Khan S, Bansal N. Role of salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) in chronic periodontitis diagnosis. Front Med. 2015 Mar;9(1):72-6. doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0347-x. Epub 2014 Aug 6. |
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Data sharing will be considered after the completion of studies
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D055113 | Chronic Periodontitis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010518 | Periodontitis |
| D010510 | Periodontal Diseases |
| D009059 | Mouth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C000723271 | Nigella sativa oil |
| D000077330 | Saline Solution |
| D012965 | Sodium Chloride |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077324 | Crystalloid Solutions |
| D007552 | Isotonic Solutions |
| D012996 | Solutions |
| D004364 | Pharmaceutical Preparations |
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Healthy Individuals with Chronic Periodontitis Only
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Triple Blind
| Normal saline | Drug | The individuals will apply 55 drops of Normal saline on gingivae twice daily for two weeks |
|
|
| D002908 |
| Chronic Disease |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D002712 |
| Chlorides |
| D006851 | Hydrochloric Acid |
| D017606 | Chlorine Compounds |
| D007287 | Inorganic Chemicals |
| D017670 | Sodium Compounds |