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The purpose of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of Rhythmic Reading Training (RRT), a computer-assisted intervention method that combines sublexical reading exercises with rhythm processing, and that of a multimodal intervention comprising different methodology, called 'Abilmente'. All interventions were delivered for a period ranging 1-2,5 months, in 60 minutes biweekly sessions.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| RRT+sat | Experimental | RRT in combination with specific auditory training (sat) administered for a total of 20 hours over 10 weeks (60 minutes biweekly sessions). |
|
| Abilmente | Experimental | Abilmente method administered for a total of 10 hours over 5 weeks (60 minutes biweekly sessions). |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RRT+sat | Behavioral | RRT is a child-friendly computerized reading training program designed for Italian students with DD aged 8-14 yrs. The main feature of this intervention is the integration of a traditional remediation approach (sublexical treatment) with rhythm processing. Therefore, all reading exercises are characterized by a rhythmic accompaniment with gradually increasing speed. For this study, RRT was delivered in combination with a specific auditory training involving several music games specifically designed for improving auditory processing abilities typically compromised in children with DD. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Text reading accuracy expressed in number of errors change | Text reading accuracy expressed in number of errors The ability to read aloud a text was assessed using the Italian standardized test 'Prove di lettura MT', which provides speed and accuracy scores in reading aloud age-normed texts. | 1 month |
| Text reading speed expressed in syllables per seconds change | The ability to read aloud a text was assessed using the Italian standardized test 'Prove di lettura MT', which provides speed and accuracy scores in reading aloud age-normed texts. | 1 month |
| Word reading speed expressed in syllables per seconds change | The ability to read aloud lists of words was assessed using the following Italian standardized tests: 'Assessment battery for Developmental Dyslexia and Dysorthography-2' (Batteria per la valutazione della dislessia e disortografia evolutiva - DDE-2), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for word reading (4 lists of 28 words each with different lengths and frequency of use); 'Word and pseudo-word reading test' (WPRT, Prova di lettura di parole e non parole), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for word reading (4 lists of 30 words varying according to length: short vs. long and frequency of use: low vs. high frequency). | 1 month |
| Word reading accuracy expressed in number of errors change | The ability to read aloud lists of words was assessed using the following Italian standardized tests: 'Assessment battery for Developmental Dyslexia and Dysorthography-2' (Batteria per la valutazione della dislessia e disortografia evolutiva - DDE-2), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for word reading (4 lists of 28 words each with different lengths and frequency of use); 'Word and pseudo-word reading test' (WPRT, Prova di lettura di parole e non parole), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for word reading (4 lists of 30 words varying according to length: short vs. long and frequency of use: low vs. high frequency). |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Alessandro Antonietti, PhD | Catholic University of the Sacred Heart | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic University of the Sacred Heart | Milan | 20123 | Italy | |||
| Studio Abilmente |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004410 | Dyslexia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007806 | Language Disorders |
| D003147 | Communication Disorders |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
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|
| Abilmente | Behavioral | 'Abilmente' method is an intervention for DD that comprises several validated treatments resulting in a proposal tailored to meet individual needs and features. |
|
| 1 month |
| Pseudo-word reading speed expressed in syllables per seconds change | The ability to read aloud lists of pseudo-words was assessed using the following Italian standardized tests: 'Assessment battery for Developmental Dyslexia and Dysorthography-2' (Batteria per la valutazione della dislessia e disortografia evolutiva - DDE-2), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for pseudo-word reading (2 lists of 16 pseudo-words each with different lengths); 'Word and pseudo-word reading test' (WPRT, Prova di lettura di parole e non parole), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for pseudo-words reading (2 lists of 30 pseudo-words varying for length: short vs. long). | 1 month |
| Pseudo-word reading accuracy expressed in number of errors change | The ability to read aloud lists of pseudo-words was assessed using the following Italian standardized tests: 'Assessment battery for Developmental Dyslexia and Dysorthography-2' (Batteria per la valutazione della dislessia e disortografia evolutiva - DDE-2), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for pseudo-word reading (2 lists of 16 pseudo-words each with different lengths); 'Word and pseudo-word reading test' (WPRT, Prova di lettura di parole e non parole), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for pseudo-words reading (2 lists of 30 pseudo-words varying for length: short vs. long). | 1 month |
| Text reading accuracy expressed in number of errors change | Text reading accuracy expressed in number of errors The ability to read aloud a text was assessed using the Italian standardized test 'Prove di lettura MT', which provides speed and accuracy scores in reading aloud age-normed texts. | 2.5 months |
| Text reading speed expressed in syllables per seconds change | The ability to read aloud a text was assessed using the Italian standardized test 'Prove di lettura MT', which provides speed and accuracy scores in reading aloud age-normed texts. | 2.5 months |
| Word reading speed expressed in syllables per seconds change | The ability to read aloud lists of words was assessed using the following Italian standardized tests: 'Assessment battery for Developmental Dyslexia and Dysorthography-2' (Batteria per la valutazione della dislessia e disortografia evolutiva - DDE-2), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for word reading (4 lists of 28 words each with different lengths and frequency of use); 'Word and pseudo-word reading test' (WPRT, Prova di lettura di parole e non parole), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for word reading (4 lists of 30 words varying according to length: short vs. long and frequency of use: low vs. high frequency). | 2.5 months |
| Word reading accuracy expressed in number of errors change | The ability to read aloud lists of words was assessed using the following Italian standardized tests: 'Assessment battery for Developmental Dyslexia and Dysorthography-2' (Batteria per la valutazione della dislessia e disortografia evolutiva - DDE-2), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for word reading (4 lists of 28 words each with different lengths and frequency of use); 'Word and pseudo-word reading test' (WPRT, Prova di lettura di parole e non parole), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for word reading (4 lists of 30 words varying according to length: short vs. long and frequency of use: low vs. high frequency). | 2.5 months |
| Pseudo-word reading speed expressed in syllables per seconds change | The ability to read aloud lists of pseudo-words was assessed using the following Italian standardized tests: 'Assessment battery for Developmental Dyslexia and Dysorthography-2' (Batteria per la valutazione della dislessia e disortografia evolutiva - DDE-2), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for pseudo-word reading (2 lists of 16 pseudo-words each with different lengths); 'Word and pseudo-word reading test' (WPRT, Prova di lettura di parole e non parole), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for pseudo-words reading (2 lists of 30 pseudo-words varying for length: short vs. long). | 2.5 months |
| Pseudo-word reading accuracy expressed in number of errors change | The ability to read aloud lists of pseudo-words was assessed using the following Italian standardized tests: 'Assessment battery for Developmental Dyslexia and Dysorthography-2' (Batteria per la valutazione della dislessia e disortografia evolutiva - DDE-2), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for pseudo-word reading (2 lists of 16 pseudo-words each with different lengths); 'Word and pseudo-word reading test' (WPRT, Prova di lettura di parole e non parole), in which speed and accuracy scores were computed for pseudo-words reading (2 lists of 30 pseudo-words varying for length: short vs. long). | 2.5 months |
| Milan |
| Italy |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D000067559 | Specific Learning Disorder |
| D007859 | Learning Disabilities |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D065886 | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |