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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| HHSN261200800001E | Other Grant/Funding Number | National Cancer Institute |
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| National Cancer Institute (NCI) | NIH |
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This study compares the effect of two N-of-1 trials on study compliance with an N-of-1 protocol and on satisfaction with participation in an N-of-1 trial. Using within-person analyses, the study also compares the effect of different types of light therapy on mood, fatigue, sleep, physical activity, and side effects within a mild to moderately depressed cancer survivor population. Ten participants will be randomized to the bright white versus dim red light therapy N-of-1 trial, while the remaining 5 participants will be randomized to a dim white versus dim red light comparator N-of-1 trial.
Fatigue or low energy levels, trouble sleeping and feeling down are symptoms that represent some of the most important concerns in cancer survivors, across a range of cancer types. Despite the impact of these symptoms on quality of life, previous studies have shown that few cancer survivors are receiving adequate treatment for these symptoms.
Light therapy involves the use of a light box (a box that lights up) in close proximity for a specified amount of time each day. There can be big differences in the way light therapy affects individual patients. Patients can learn whether this therapy is helpful to them by engaging in an N-of-1 trial. An N-of-1 trial is an experiment conducted with one individual (N refers to "number of individuals in the trial"). In an N-of-1 trial of light therapy, a patient can try light therapy to learn whether it is beneficial to them. All participants will receive two light boxes. The boxes will be labeled "A" and "B." Each light box will emit a different intensity of light. An app will send reminder notifications to participants' smartphones each morning to remind them which light box they should be using, depending on the week. They will be asked to use Box A or Box B each morning for 30 minutes per day for 12 weeks
The purpose of this study is to empower cancer survivors with symptoms of fatigue, trouble sleeping or who are feeling down to learn whether light therapy is helpful for them.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bright white light vs dim red light | Experimental | A balanced sequence (ABBA) over a 12 week period of bright white light and dim red light; alternating bright white and dim red light every 3 weeks. Subjects will receive 2 Litebook® Advantage lightboxes - 1 bright white and 1 dim red. Information such as mood, fatigue, sleep and light therapy side effects will be self-reported using a smartphone diary; physical activity and sleep will also be reported using a Fitbit Flex2 TM. Data visualization at 12 weeks. |
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| Dim white light vs dim red light | Active Comparator | A balanced sequence (ABBA) over a 12 week period of dim white light and dim red light; alternating dim white and dim red light every 3 weeks. Subjects will receive 2 Litebook® Advantage lightboxes - 1 dim white and 1 dim red. Information such as mood, fatigue, sleep and light therapy side effects will be self-reported using a smartphone diary; physical activity and sleep will also be reported using a Fitbit Flex2 TM. Data visualization at 12 weeks. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Litebook® Advantage | Other | Standard system light therapy device used in an investigation to assess the feasibility of conducting a randomized trial design. The lightbox produces different wavelengths of the light identical to the peak wavelengths of the sun - bright white, dim white and red light. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Protocol Compliance | The proportion of participants randomized to the N-of-1 trial group who are compliant with the N-of-1 trial protocol | Length of study (3 months) |
| Participant Satisfaction | The proportion of participants randomized to the N-of-1 trial who are satisfied with the N-of-1 trial protocol | Length of study (3 months) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Depressive symptoms | At the single-patient level in the bright white light experimental arm, effect of bright light versus dim white light on mood as measured by a daily visual analog scale. | Length of study (3 months) |
| Fatigue |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ian Kronish, MD, MPH | Columbia University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Columbia University Medical Center | New York | New York | 10032 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
| D003863 | Depression |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
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This study aims to assess the feasibility of conducting a randomized trial comparing two N-of-1 trials of light therapy in cancer survivors with depressive symptoms. In the first N-of-1 trial, participants will compare bright white light with dim red light therapy. In the second N-of-1 trial, participants will compare dim white light with dim red light. Participants will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio to either the N-of-1 bright white light vs dim red light experimental arm (N=20) or to a dim white vs dim red light therapy active comparator (N=10).
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| Fitbit Flex2 TM | Other | Standard system activity and sleep tracker |
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At the single-patient level in the bright white light experimental arm, effect of bright light versus dim white light on fatigue as measured by a daily visual analog scale.
| Length of study (3 months) |
| Side effects | At the single-patient level in the bright white light experimental arm, effect of bright light versus dim white light on days with perceived side-effects as measured by a smart phone daily diary. | Length of study (3 months) |
| Physical activity | At the single-patient level in the bright white light experimental arm, effect of bright light versus dim white light on physical activity as measured by a Fitbit. | Length of study (3 months) |
| Treatment preference for bright white light therapy | Within the bright white light experimental arm, the proportion who preferred to continue bright white light after the conclusion of the N-of-1 trial. | Length of study (3 months) |