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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| UKK Institute | OTHER |
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The most important objective of this randomized controlled trial in subjects with increased cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors is to investigate whether only reduced daily sitting improves human cardiovascular and metabolic health during a six-month intervention. It is hypothesized and expected that only reduced sitting, without formal physical activity or exercise training, affects favorably cardiovascular and metabolic health.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reduced sitting | Experimental | Objectively measured daily inactive time will be reduced by one hour compared to the baseline. |
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| Control | No Intervention | Subjects will be guided to maintain their normal sedentary behaviour and physical activity habits. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reduced sitting | Behavioral | Subjects are guided to limit their sitting time during the day for 1 hour/day, by adding light activity with the help of an activity monitor. Subjects are not encouraged to increase their moderate to vigorous physical activity levels. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The change in whole-body insulin sensitivity | M-value during the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp | The change from baseline to 6 months |
| The change in skeletal muscle insulin-stimulated glucose uptake | Glucose uptake in the femoral muscles will be measured by positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F]-labelled fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) tracer during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp | The change from baseline to 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| daily sitting hours | Accelerometry data will be collected during the whole intervention period by a triaxial hip-mounted accelerometer | through study completion, an average of 6 months |
| daily hours spent physically active |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Juhani Knuuti, Professor | Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turku PET Centre | Turku | 20521 | Finland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41732582 | Derived | Norha J, Saarenhovi M, Kallio P, Sjoros T, Garthwaite T, Laine S, Houttu N, Laitinen K, Vaha-Ypya H, Sievanen H, Loyttyniemi E, Vasankari T, Knuuti J, Kalliokoski KK, Heinonen IHA. Effects of Reducing Sedentary Behaviour on Cardiac Structure and Function at Rest and During Exercise: A 6-Month Randomized Controlled Trial. CJC Open. 2025 Sep 16;8(1):69-81. doi: 10.1016/j.cjco.2025.09.005. eCollection 2026 Jan. | |
| 41125692 |
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IPD of the main outcome measures will be opened if possible.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D024821 | Metabolic Syndrome |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D007333 | Insulin Resistance |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D057185 | Sedentary Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006946 | Hyperinsulinism |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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A parallel-group randomised controlled trial
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Due to the nature of the intervention, masking of the participants is not possible. Analyzing of the obtained data will be masked.
Accelerometry data will be collected during the whole intervention period by a triaxial hip-mounted accelerometer
| through study completion, an average of 6 months |
| The change in liver adiposity | Liver fat content will be assessed using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) | The change from baseline to 6 months |
| The change in maximal oxygen uptake | Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak) will be determined by cycle ergometry with direct respiratory measurements. Exercise intensity will be started at 50 W and the intensity will be increased by 25 W at every two minutes until the criteria used to establish the VO2peak are met. The criteria used to establish the VO2peak are a plateau in VO2 despite of an increase in intensity and a respiratory quotient greater than 1.1. or volitional fatigue. | The change from baseline to 6 months |
| The change in body fat percentage | Air displacement plethysmography (the Bod Pod system, COSMED, Inc., Concord, CA, USA) will be used to measure body composition (fat mass and fat free mass) with thoracic gas volume being predicted. | The change from baseline to 3 months |
| The change in body fat percentage | Air displacement plethysmography (the Bod Pod system, COSMED, Inc., Concord, CA, USA) will be used to measure body composition (fat mass and fat free mass) with thoracic gas volume being predicted. | The change from baseline to 6 months |
| The change in plasma glucose | Plasma glucose content will be measured from fasting venous blood samples using standard assays | The change from baseline to 3 months |
| The change in plasma glucose | Plasma glucose content will be measured from fasting venous blood samples using standard assays | The change from baseline to 6 months |
| The change in HbA1c | Glycated hemoglobin will be measured from fasting venous blood samples using standard assays | The change from baseline to 3 months |
| The change in HbA1c | Glycated hemoglobin will be measured from fasting venous blood samples using standard assays | The change from baseline to 6 months |
| Derived |
| Norha J, Sjoros T, Garthwaite T, Laine S, Laitinen K, Houttu N, Vaha-Ypya H, Sievanen H, Loyttyniemi E, Vasankari T, Knuuti J, Kalliokoski KK, Heinonen IHA. Secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial on reducing sedentary behaviour and its effects on quality of life and wellbeing. Sci Rep. 2025 Oct 22;15(1):36861. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-20836-7. |
| 40781908 | Derived | Garthwaite T, Sjoros T, Laine S, Koivumaki M, Vaha-Ypya H, Norha J, Kallio P, Saarenhovi M, Loyttyniemi E, Sievanen H, Houttu N, Laitinen K, Kalliokoski KK, Vasankari T, Knuuti J, Heinonen I. Successfully Reducing Sitting Time Can Improve Metabolic Flexibility. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2025 Aug;35(8):e70113. doi: 10.1111/sms.70113. |
| 39414998 | Derived | Ylinen VP, Sjoros T, Laine S, Garthwaite T, Norha J, Vaha-Ypya H, Loyttyniemi E, Houttu N, Laitinen K, Kalliokoski KK, Sievanen H, Vasankari T, Knuuti J, Heinonen IH. Sedentary behavior reduction and blood lipids in adults with metabolic syndrome: a 6-month randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 16;14(1):24241. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75579-8. |
| 39343453 | Derived | Norha J, Sjoros T, Garthwaite T, Laine S, Verho T, Saunavaara V, Laitinen K, Houttu N, Hirvonen J, Vaha-Ypya H, Sievanen H, Loyttyniemi E, Vasankari T, Kalliokoski K, Heinonen I. Effects of reducing sedentary behaviour on back pain, paraspinal muscle insulin sensitivity and muscle fat fraction and their associations: a secondary analysis of a 6-month randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2024 Sep 28;14(9):e084305. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084305. |
| 38575674 | Derived | Sjoros T, Norha J, Johansson R, Laine S, Garthwaite T, Vaha-Ypya H, Loyttyniemi E, Kalliokoski KK, Sievanen H, Vasankari T, Knuuti J, Heinonen IHA. Tiredness after work associates with less leisure-time physical activity. Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 4;14(1):7965. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-58775-4. |
| 36251378 | Derived | Sjoros T, Laine S, Garthwaite T, Vaha-Ypya H, Loyttyniemi E, Koivumaki M, Houttu N, Laitinen K, Kalliokoski KK, Sievanen H, Vasankari T, Knuuti J, Heinonen IHA. Reducing Sedentary Time and Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity in Metabolic Syndrome: A 6-Month Randomized Controlled Trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2023 Mar 1;55(3):342-353. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003054. Epub 2022 Oct 13. |
| 34582633 | Derived | Norha J, Hautala AJ, Sjoros T, Laine S, Garthwaite T, Knuuti J, Loyttyniemi E, Vaha-Ypya H, Sievanen H, Vasankari T, Heinonen IHA. Standing time and daily proportion of sedentary time are associated with pain-related disability in a one month accelerometer measurement in adults with overweight or obesity. Scand J Pain. 2021 Sep 27;22(2):317-324. doi: 10.1515/sjpain-2021-0108. Print 2022 Apr 26. |
| 33239818 | Derived | Sjoros T, Vaha-Ypya H, Laine S, Garthwaite T, Lahesmaa M, Laurila SM, Latva-Rasku A, Savolainen A, Miikkulainen A, Loyttyniemi E, Sievanen H, Kalliokoski KK, Knuuti J, Vasankari T, Heinonen IHA. Both sedentary time and physical activity are associated with cardiometabolic health in overweight adults in a 1 month accelerometer measurement. Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 25;10(1):20578. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77637-3. |
| D001519 | Behavior |