Pith Moromo 2: Cohort to Study Health Consequences of Food and Nutrition Insecurity During Pregnancy and Lactation

In this study, the investigators conducted research among HIV-infected and -uninfected pregnant and lactating women to understand the potential role and importance of food insecurity on participant physical and psychosocial health and nutrition.

The central hypothesis of this study was that food and nutrition insecurity are detrimental to the health of HIV+ pregnant women and their infants via nutritional, disease, and psychosocial pathways.

In the first phase, the investigators collected descriptive data to describe and assess food and nutrition insecurity and the associated modifiable determinants among HIV+ pregnant and lactating women in Kenya.

In the second phase, the investigators collected longitudinal cohort data from women who were recruited during pregnancy and have been followed throughout the infant's first year of life.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Women >18 years of age with infants
• Infants born to pregnant women enrolled in the cohort study
• HIV-infected pregnant women >18 years of age and ≤30 weeks gestation
• HIV-uninfected pregnant women >18 years of age and ≤30 weeks gestation

Exclusion Criteria:

• Individuals <18 years of age that are not infants born to women enrolled in the cohort study