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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| National University Hospital, Singapore | OTHER |
| National Cancer Centre, Singapore | OTHER |
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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in Singapore. Breast cancer survivors usually experience side effects/symptoms after surgery and/or adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy such as fatigue, lymphedema, problems with sleeping, peripheral neuropathy, and anxiety/depression. Currently, there is no study to include both symptom management and mindfulness training components for breast cancer survivors. And given breast cancer survivors have infrequent clinical follow-up, we aim to develop an e-Home based symptom management and mindfulness training programme for breast cancer survivors and to determine its effects on quality of life, symptom distress, psychosocial adjustment, psychological morbidity, and unplanned outpatient attendance or hospitalisation in breast cancer survivors. We employ a randomised clinical trial with four study arms (with 47 subjects in each arm) together with a process evaluation; group 1 (usual care), group 2 (experimental group: five weekly sessions of online symptom management + mindfulness training programme and usual care), group 3 (comparison group 1: five weekly sessions of online symptom management programme and usual care), and group 4 (comparison group 2: five weekly sessions of online mindfulness training programme and usual care). Subjects will complete questionnaires measures of 6-item Social Support Questionnaire, Breast Cancer Survivor Self-Efficacy Scale, the Quality of Life-Cancer Survivor Scale, Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale, Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale, short version of the Fear of Recurrence Scale, Hospital and anxiety Depression Scale and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire at baseline (printed questionnaires), at 8 weeks from baseline, at 12 weeks from baseline and at 24 weeks from baseline by an online system or printed questionnaires. Individualised semi-structured interview (15-25 mins) for experimental and comparison groups will be conducted at 24 weeks from baseline to understand the subjects' experiences of the study programme. Data will be analysed using SPSS version 24. Baseline demographic and clinical information of subjects in the experimental, comparison and control groups will be summarised using descriptive statistics, and will be compared using chi square tests and ANOVA/ANCOVA tests. Intention-to-treat approach will be used. Repeated measures analysis of variance will be used to examine the differences on outcome measures among the experimental, comparison and control groups across study time points. In addition, differences in changes in outcome measures among experimental, comparison groups and usual care groups will be tested using multilevel modelling techniques. A p-value smaller than 5% will be considered as statistically significant. Content analysis will be conducted to analyse the interviews data.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Usual care group | No Intervention | Usual care is meant the routine medical and health care services at the hospital. | |
| Experimental group | Experimental | Five weekly sessions of online symptom management + mindfulness training programme + usual care |
|
| Comparison group 1 | Active Comparator | Five weekly sessions of online symptom management programme + usual care |
|
| Comparison group 2 | Active Comparator | Five weekly sessions of online mindfulness training programme and usual care |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Online mindfulness training | Other | 5 weekly sessions of online self-administered mindfulness training programme in which they will receive audio-recorded and video-recorded instructions, pictorial or text-based instructions for various mindfulness exercises such as body scan meditation, mindful breathing and walking meditation. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline quality of life score at 8 weeks | Change between baseline and at 8 weeks | |
| Change from baseline quality of life score at 12 weeks | Change between baseline and at 12 weeks | |
| Change from baseline quality of life score at 24 weeks | Change between baseline and at 24 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline social support score at 8 weeks | Change between baseline and at 8 weeks | |
| Change from baseline social support score at 12 weeks | Change between baseline and at 12 weeks | |
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Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Karis Cheng | National University of Singapore | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Cancer Centre Singapore | Singapore | Singapore | ||||
| National University Hospital |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24315730 | Background | Cheng KK, Darshini Devi R, Wong WH, Koh C. Perceived symptoms and the supportive care needs of breast cancer survivors six months to five years post-treatment period. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2014 Feb;18(1):3-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2013.10.005. Epub 2013 Dec 5. | |
| 8556012 | Background | Ferrell BR, Dow KH, Grant M. Measurement of the quality of life in cancer survivors. Qual Life Res. 1995 Dec;4(6):523-31. doi: 10.1007/BF00634747. |
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|
| Online symptom management | Other | 5 weekly online education module in which they will receive video-recorded, audio-recorded, pictorial or text-based instructions for various self-management strategies. Topics include fatigue, pain, numbness/tingling, lymphedema, anxiety/depression, and problems with sleeping. |
|
| Change from baseline social support score at 24 weeks |
| Change between baseline and at 24 weeks |
| Change from baseline self-efficacy score at 8 weeks | Change between baseline and at 8 weeks |
| Change from baseline self-efficacy score at 12 weeks | Change between baseline and at 12 weeks |
| Change from baseline self-efficacy score at 24 weeks | Change between baseline and at 24 weeks |
| Change from baseline symptom score at 8 weeks | Change between baseline and at 8 weeks |
| Change from baseline symptom score at 12 weeks | Change between baseline and at 12 weeks |
| Change from baseline symptom score at 24 weeks | Change between baseline and at 24 weeks |
| Change from baseline psychosocial adjustment to illness score at 8 weeks | Change between baseline and at 8 weeks |
| Change from baseline psychosocial adjustment to illness score at 12 weeks | Change between baseline and at 12 weeks |
| Change from baseline psychosocial adjustment to illness score at 24 weeks | Change between baseline and at 24 weeks |
| Change from baseline fear of recurrence score at 8 weeks | Change between baseline and at 8 weeks |
| Change from baseline fear of recurrence score at 12 weeks | Change between baseline and at 12 weeks |
| Change from baseline fear of recurrence score at 24 weeks | Change between baseline and at 24 weeks |
| Change from baseline anxiety and depression score at 8 weeks | Change between baseline and at 8 weeks |
| Change from baseline anxiety and depression score at 12 weeks | Change between baseline and at 12 weeks |
| Change from baseline anxiety and depression score at 24 weeks | Change between baseline and at 24 weeks |
| Change from baseline mindfulness score at 8 weeks | Change between baseline and at 8 weeks |
| Change from baseline mindfulness score at 12 weeks | Change between baseline and at 12 weeks |
| Change from baseline mindfulness score at 24 weeks | Change between baseline and at 24 weeks |
| Singapore |
| Singapore |
| 7999421 | Background | Portenoy RK, Thaler HT, Kornblith AB, Lepore JM, Friedlander-Klar H, Kiyasu E, Sobel K, Coyle N, Kemeny N, Norton L, et al. The Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale: an instrument for the evaluation of symptom prevalence, characteristics and distress. Eur J Cancer. 1994;30A(9):1326-36. doi: 10.1016/0959-8049(94)90182-1. |
| 16400678 | Background | Bower JE, Ganz PA, Desmond KA, Bernaards C, Rowland JH, Meyerowitz BE, Belin TR. Fatigue in long-term breast carcinoma survivors: a longitudinal investigation. Cancer. 2006 Feb 15;106(4):751-8. doi: 10.1002/cncr.21671. |
| 6880820 | Background | Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983 Jun;67(6):361-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x. |
| 16443717 | Background | Baer RA, Smith GT, Hopkins J, Krietemeyer J, Toney L. Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment. 2006 Mar;13(1):27-45. doi: 10.1177/1073191105283504. |
| 24161644 | Background | Champion VL, Ziner KW, Monahan PO, Stump TE, Cella D, Smith LG, Bell CJ, Von Ah D, Sledge GW. Development and psychometric testing of a breast cancer survivor self-efficacy scale. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2013 Nov;40(6):E403-10. doi: 10.1188/13.ONF.E403-E410. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
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