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The main aim and objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Non- surgical periodontal therapy on the subgingival microbiota and biochemical parameters in patients with chronic kidney disease and chronic periodontitis.
The study was designed as a Non randomized prospective, interventional clinical trial. The sample size for the study was 40 individuals aged between 35-75 years, equally divided into two groups.
Group I--- Patients with Chronic kidney disease and chronic periodontitis (Test) Group II--- Patients with Chronic periodontitis only (Controls) At baseline both the groups were analyzed for clinical, microbiological and also biochemical parameters and underwent Non-surgical Periodontal treatment (i.e. scaling and root planning). All parameters were reassessed again after 3 months.
A total of 20 patients attending the outpatient wing of Hyderabad Kidney Centre , Malakpet,Hyderabad who were diagnosed clinically with Chronic Kidney disease and willing to participate in the study were included in the study.
Another 20 patients attending the outpatient wing of Department of periodontics, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Hyderabad, diagnosed with Chronic Periodontitis and willing to participate in the study were taken.
Biochemical parameters considered included -serum creatin & urinary albumin: creatin ratio.
Microbiological assay was done by Polymerase chain reaction test (PCR) i.e., pooled plaque samples were taken from both predialysis as well as chronic periodontitis patients.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| GroupI (Test) | Active Comparator | 20 patients with renal insufficiency chronic and chronic periodontitis underwent scaling and root planing. Clinical parameters( GI,PD,CAL) were assessed at baseline and after 3 months. 2ml blood was drawn to assess serum creatinine levels and urine analysis was done at baseline and after 3 months for urinary albumin: creatinine ratio.Pooled plaque samples were taken at baseline and after 3 months to assess the microbial activity of Treponema Denticola and Tannerella Forsythia by PCR. |
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| Group II- (Control) | Active Comparator | 20 patients with chronic periodontitis who underwent scaling and root planing.Clinical parameters(GI,PD,CAL)were assessed at baseline and after 3 months. 2ml blood was drawn to assess seum creatnine levels and urine analysis was done at baseline and after 3 months for serum urinary Albumin:Creatinine ratio.Pooled plaque samples were taken at baseline and after 3 months to assess the microbial activity of Treponema denticola and Tannerella Forsythia by PCR. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scaling and Root planing | Other | All the patients were asked to use a preprocedural mouthrinse and scaling and rootplaning was done using ultrasonic scalers. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Levels of Microbiological and Biochemical Parameters | Microbiological assay was done by PCR test i.e., pooled plaque samples were taken from both predialysis as well as chronic periodontitis patients at baseline and 3 months after scaling and root planing. Supragingival plaque was removed carefully with a sterile scaler to prevent the contamination of the samples.Sample was harvested from the same site with a sterile Gracey curet 5-6 with one single vertical stroke on the root surface. Biochemical assay was done by Modified Jaffe's reaction to assess the levels of Serum Creatinine and urine samples were taken to assess the Albumin:Creatinine ratio | Change in levels of Microbiological and Biochemical parameters were assessed at baseline and 3 months after scaling and rootplaning |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical parameter -Gingival Index (GI) | The Gingival index was assessed using a University of Carolina-15 (UNC-15) Probe. | Change in the GI was assessed at baseline and 3 months after Scaling and rootplaning |
| Clinical Parameters-Probing depth(PD) and Clinical attachment levels (CAL) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Rekha R Koduganti, MDS | Panineeya Institute Of Dental Sciences and Research centre | Study Director |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19228085 | Background | Fisher MA, Taylor GW. A prediction model for chronic kidney disease includes periodontal disease. J Periodontol. 2009 Jan;80(1):16-23. doi: 10.1902/jop.2009.080226. | |
| 20500539 | Background | Graziani F, Cei S, La Ferla F, Vano M, Gabriele M, Tonetti M. Effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the glomerular filtration rate of the kidney: an exploratory trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2010 Jul;37(7):638-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01578.x. Epub 2010 May 25. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051436 | Renal Insufficiency, Chronic |
| D055113 | Chronic Periodontitis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051437 | Renal Insufficiency |
| D007674 | Kidney Diseases |
| D014570 | Urologic Diseases |
| D052776 | Female Urogenital Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014080 | Tooth Exfoliation |
| D016745 | Root Planing |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009063 | Dental Physiological Phenomena |
| D055688 | Digestive System and Oral Physiological Phenomena |
| D012534 | Dental Scaling |
| D003777 | Dental Prophylaxis |
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The Pd was assessed using UNC-15 Probe |
| Change in Pd was assessed at baseline and 3 months after scaling and rootplaning |
| Clinical Parameter- Clinical attachment levels(CAL) | The CAL was assessed using UNC-15 Probe | Change in CAL was assessed at baseline and 3 months after scaling and rootplaning |
| D005261 |
| Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
| D002908 | Chronic Disease |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010518 | Periodontitis |
| D010510 | Periodontal Diseases |
| D009059 | Mouth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
| D010517 | Periodontics |
| D003813 | Dentistry |
| D013357 | Subgingival Curettage |
| D011313 | Preventive Dentistry |