Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Phase Angle

Influence of Mediterranean Diet on Phase Angle in a Sample of Adult Population: Results of a Pilot Study

In this cross-sectional observational study the investigators evaluated the association between the adherence to the MD and PhA in a sample of adult population, stratified according to categories of sex, age, and BMI.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Caucasian Subjects
• Healthy Subjects (defined as absence of a clinical condition that potentially influences fluid balance, ie, renal, endocrine, or myocardial disease, ascertained by participant questionnaire)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Hypocaloric diet in the last three months or specific nutritional regimens, including vegan or vegetarian diets,
• Vitamin/mineral or antioxidant supplementation,
• Clinical conditions that could influence fluid balance, including liver or renal failure, cancer, and acute or chronic inflammatory diseases, based on a complete medical examination and laboratory investigations,
• Occasional or current of use of drugs that could influence fluid balance, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hormone replacement therapy, diuretics weight-loss medications, anticonvulsivants and psychotropic agents, laxative use,
• Altered thyroid hormone function tests or thyroid hormone treatment,
• Alcohol abuse according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-V diagnostic criteria,
• Patients with implanted pacemakers or defibrillators because of the theoretical possibility of interference with the device activity due to the field of current induced by the impedance measurements,
• Subjects underweight with BMI<18.5,
• Subjects dropped out from the study since they refused to participate.