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The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility and safety of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) in healthy controls. Tested in healthy subjects (HS) the physiological effects of tVNS at different stimulation parameters. The electrical stimulation variables will be pulse width, frequency, and current. This will be tested in a laboratory setting and will measure tVNS effects on heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, and perceived pain. This is a feasibility and small safety study.
Hypothesis: tVNS is feasible and safe
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Active tVNS Stimulation | Experimental | Stimulating electrode will be placed on left tragus of subject. Current will be held constant (200% perceptual threshold) while pulse width and frequency are varied.The intervention used to keep current constant is Digitmer High Voltage Stimulator model DS7A TENS unit. Each stimulation period (9 randomized stimulation parameters varying in pulse width and frequency) will last 1 minute with a 3 minute break between each parameter. Physiological data (O2 saturation, blood pressure, breathing rate, and Electrocardiogram (EKG) to measure heart rate ) will be collected continuously. |
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| Sham tVNS Stimulation | Sham Comparator | Stimulating electrode will be placed on left ear lobe of subject for sham tVNS stimulation condition. Current will be held constant (200% perceptual threshold) while pulse width and frequency are varied. The intervention used to keep current constant is Digitmer High Voltage Stimulator model DS7A TENS unit. Each stimulation period (9 randomized stimulation parameters varying in pulse width and frequency) will last 1 minute with a 3 minute break between each parameter. Physiological data (O2 saturation, blood pressure, breathing rate, and Electrocardiogram (EKG) to measure heart rate ) will be collected continuously. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Digitmer High Voltage Stimulator model DS7A TENS unit | Device |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from Baseline Heart Rate Before Each Stimulation Period (1-9) to Post Stimulation Period (1-9) Visit 1 | There are nine stimulation periods, each with own stimulation parameters that consist of a constant current, pulse width and frequency. Each stimulation period has 1 minute of stimulation (active or sham), followed by 3 minutes of post stimulation baseline recording Each of the stimulation period last 4 minutes with an additional 90 seconds between each Stimulation period. Current will be 200% of the subject's perceptual threshold for each stimulation parameter. The pulse width will be either 100 microseconds (µs), 200 µs, or 500µs. Frequency will be either 1 Hertz (Hz), 10 Hz, or 25 Hz. Baseline physiological data,Electrocardiogram (EKG) to measure heart rate in beats/sec will be collected before each stimulation parameter, during stimulation parameter, and post each stimulation parameter. | Total time for Visit 1 (either active or sham condition) is 50 minutes - 9 Stimulation Periods (each 4 minutes long with 90 seconds between) |
| Change from Baseline Heart Rate Before Each Stimulation Period (1-9) to Post Stimulation Period (1-9) Visit 2 | There are nine stimulation periods, each with own stimulation parameters that consist of a constant current, pulse width and frequency. Each stimulation period has 1 minute of stimulation (active or sham), followed by 3 minutes of post stimulation baseline recording Each of the stimulation period last 4 minutes with an additional 90 seconds between each Stimulation period. Current will be 200% of the subject's perceptual threshold for each stimulation parameter. The pulse width will be either 100 microseconds (µs), 200 µs, or 500µs. Frequency will be either 1 Hertz (Hz), 10 Hz, or 25 Hz. Baseline physiological data,Electrocardiogram (EKG) to measure heart rate in beats/sec will be collected before each stimulation parameter, during stimulation parameter, and post each stimulation parameter. | Total time for Visit 2 (either active or sham condition) is 50 minutes - 9 Stimulation Periods (each 4 minutes long with 90 seconds between) |
| Change from Baseline O2 Saturation Before Each Stimulation Period (1-9) to Post Stimulation Period (1-9) Visit 1 | There are nine stimulation periods, each with own stimulation parameters that consist of a constant current, pulse width and frequency. Each stimulation period has 1 minute of stimulation (active or sham), followed by 3 minutes of post stimulation baseline recording Each of the stimulation period last 4 minutes with an additional 90 seconds between each Stimulation period. Current will be 200% of the subject's perceptual threshold for each stimulation parameter. The pulse width will be either 100 microseconds (µs), 200 µs, or 500µs. Frequency will be either 1 Hertz (Hz), 10 Hz, or 25 Hz. Baseline physiological data O2 saturation (% oxygen) will be collected before each stimulation parameter, during stimulation parameter, and post each stimulation parameter. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from Baseline Blood Pressure Before Each Stimulation Period (1-9) to Post Stimulation Period (1-9) Visit 1 | There are nine stimulation periods, each with own stimulation parameters that consist of a constant current, pulse width and frequency. Each stimulation period has 1 minute of stimulation (active or sham), followed by 3 minutes of post stimulation baseline recording Each of the stimulation period last 4 minutes with an additional 90 seconds between each Stimulation period. Current will be 200% of the subject's perceptual threshold for each stimulation parameter. The pulse width will be either 100 microseconds (µs), 200 µs, or 500µs. Frequency will be either 1 Hertz (Hz), 10 Hz, or 25 Hz. Baseline physiological data Blood Pressure (mmHg) will be collected before each stimulation parameter, during stimulation parameter, and post each stimulation parameter. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Total time for Visit 1 (either active or sham condition) is 50 minutes - 9 Stimulation Periods (each 4 minutes long with 90 seconds between) |
| Change from Baseline O2 Saturation Before Each Stimulation Period (1-9) to Post Stimulation Period (1-9) Visit 2 | There are nine stimulation periods, each with own stimulation parameters that consist of a constant current, pulse width and frequency. Each stimulation period has 1 minute of stimulation (active or sham), followed by 3 minutes of post stimulation baseline recording Each of the stimulation period last 4 minutes with an additional 90 seconds between each Stimulation period. Current will be 200% of the subject's perceptual threshold for each stimulation parameter. The pulse width will be either 100 microseconds (µs), 200 µs, or 500µs. Frequency will be either 1 Hertz (Hz), 10 Hz, or 25 Hz. Baseline physiological data O2 saturation (%oxygen) will be collected before each stimulation parameter, during stimulation parameter, and post each stimulation parameter. | Total time for Visit 2 (either active or sham condition) is 50 minutes - 9 Stimulation Periods (each 4 minutes long with 90 seconds between) |
| Total time for Visit 1 (either active or sham condition) is 50 minutes - 9 Stimulation Periods (each 4 minutes long with 90 seconds between) |
| Change from Baseline Blood Pressure Before Each Stimulation Period (1-9) to Post Stimulation Period (1-9) Visit 2 | There are nine stimulation periods, each with own stimulation parameters that consist of a constant current, pulse width and frequency. Each stimulation period has 1 minute of stimulation (active or sham), followed by 3 minutes of post stimulation baseline recording Each of the stimulation period last 4 minutes with an additional 90 seconds between each Stimulation period. Current will be 200% of the subject's perceptual threshold for each stimulation parameter. The pulse width will be either 100 microseconds (µs), 200 µs, or 500µs. Frequency will be either 1 Hertz (Hz), 10 Hz, or 25 Hz. Baseline physiological data Blood Pressure (mmHg) will be collected before each stimulation parameter, during stimulation parameter, and post each stimulation parameter. | Total time for Visit 2 (either active or sham condition) is 50 minutes - 9 Stimulation Periods (each 4 minutes long with 90 seconds between) |
| Change from Baseline Breathing Rate Before Each Stimulation Period (1-9) to Post Stimulation Period (1-9) Visit 1 | There are nine stimulation periods, each with own stimulation parameters that consist of a constant current, pulse width and frequency. Each stimulation period has 1 minute of stimulation (active or sham), followed by 3 minutes of post stimulation baseline recording Each of the stimulation period last 4 minutes with an additional 90 seconds between each Stimulation period. Current will be 200% of the subject's perceptual threshold for each stimulation parameter. The pulse width will be either 100 microseconds (µs), 200 µs, or 500µs. Frequency will be either 1 Hertz (Hz), 10 Hz, or 25 Hz. Baseline physiological data breathing rate (%CO2) will be collected before each stimulation parameter, during stimulation parameter, and post each stimulation parameter. | Total time for Visit 1 (either active or sham condition) is 50 minutes - 9 Stimulation Periods (each 4 minutes long with 90 seconds between) |
| Change from Baseline Breathing Rate Before Each Stimulation Period (1-9) to Post Stimulation Period (1-9) Visit 2 | There are nine stimulation periods, each with own stimulation parameters that consist of a constant current, pulse width and frequency. Each stimulation period has 1 minute of stimulation (active or sham), followed by 3 minutes of post stimulation baseline recording Each of the stimulation period last 4 minutes with an additional 90 seconds between each Stimulation period. Current will be 200% of the subject's perceptual threshold for each stimulation parameter. The pulse width will be either 100 microseconds (µs), 200 µs, or 500µs. Frequency will be either 1 Hertz (Hz), 10 Hz, or 25 Hz. Baseline physiological data breathing rate (%CO2) will be collected before each stimulation parameter, during stimulation parameter, and post each stimulation parameter. | Total time for Visit 2 (either active or sham condition) is 50 minutes - 9 Stimulation Periods (each 4 minutes long with 90 seconds between) |