Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
A randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel human dietary intervention trial conducted in 33 healthy males to investigate the vascular and cognitive effects of bi-daily consumption of high-flavanol (epicatechin-rich) milk chocolate over a 2-week intervention period. Subjects visited the Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition on 3 separate occasions; at the beginning, end and post-intervention.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| High-flavanol milk chocolate | Active Comparator | Bi-daily consumption of 12 g portion of a high-flavanol milk chocolate containing approximately 35 mg of (-)-epicatechin for 2-weeks (14 days) |
|
| Low-flavanol milk chocolate | Placebo Comparator | Bi-daily consumption of 12 g portion of a low-flavanol milk chocolate containing approximately <1 mg of (-)-epicatechin for 2-weeks (14 days) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-flavanol milk choocolate | Dietary Supplement |
|
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Flow-mediated Dilation (FMD) | Ultrasound-based assessment of brachial artery reactivity following induced reactive hyperemia | Change from baseline at 14 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Blood pressure (BP) | Acute assessment of systolic and diastolic BP (3 repeats) | Change from baseline at 14 days |
| Executive Function | Assessed by cognitive test battery |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jeremy P Spencer, PhD | Univerisity of Reading | Principal Investigator |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Low-flavanol milk chocolate |
| Dietary Supplement |
|
| Change from baseline at 14 days |
| Endothelial progenitor cells and Microparticles | Flow cytometric analysis using whole blood | Change from baseline at 14 days |
| Plasma flavanol metabolite analysis | HPLC-MS assessment of metabolite profile and content of plasma | Change from baseline at 14 days |
| Plasma Nitrite & Nitrate analysis | HPLC-based system with inbuilt colorimetric Griess reaction assay for the assessment of Nitrite & Nitrate in plasma | Change from baseline at 14 days |
| Serum analysis of cardivascular-related blood marker(s) concentration | ILAB assessment of serum content of glucose, Triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, C-reactive protein and Non-esterified fatty acids | Change from baseline at 14 days |
| Serum analysis of insulin | ELIZA kits for determination of insulin concentration in serum | Change from baseline at 14 days |