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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Hass Avocado Board | OTHER |
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The proposed work will investigate the effects of avocados on abdominal obesity and glycemic control among overweight/obese adults.
The proposed work will investigate the effects of avocados on abdominal obesity and glycemic control among overweight/obese adults. Further, changes in GI microbiota composition and cognitive function will be assessed to comprehensively understand systemic benefits of avocado consumption on gut and brain function. This research study has two aims: 1) To determine the effects of regular avocado intake on metabolic syndrome risk factors, specifically, abdominal obesity and glycemic control, among overweight and obese adults; and 2) to investigate the implications of avocado intake on measures of GI microbiota composition and cognitive function.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention Meal | Experimental | Intervention meals will contain 1 large avocado and be consumed daily for 12 weeks. |
|
| Control Meal | Placebo Comparator | Control meals will be isocaloric to the intervention meals but without avocado. They will also be consumed daily for 12 weeks. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avocado | Other | The intervention meals will contain 1 large avocado. |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Abdominal obesity | Changes to abdominal and whole body composition including visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue will be estimated by DEXA. | Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks |
| Glycemic Control | Glycemic control will be assessed using oral glucose tolerance tests and hemoglobin A1c. | Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks,12 weeks |
| Insulin Resistance | Insulin resistance will be evaluated using the Homeostasis Assessment Model (HOMA) index. | Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks |
| Insulin Sensitivity | Insulin sensitivity will be assessed using the insulinogenic index, Stumvoll Metabolic Clearance Rate, Oral Glucose Insulin Sensitivity, and the Matsuda Index. | Baseline, 12 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Gastrointestinal Microbiota Composition and Short Chain Fatty Acids | Microbial taxonomy will be assessed using high throughput sequencing and short chain fatty acids will be quantified using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. | Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks |
| Cognitive Function |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hannah D Holscher, PhD RD | Contact | 217-300-2512 | hholsche@illinois.edu | |
| Naiman A Khan, PhD RD | Contact | 217-300-2197 | nakhan@illinois.edu |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hannah D Holscher, PhD RD | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign | Recruiting | Urbana | Illinois | 61801 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 36728974 | Derived | Hughes RL, Pindus DM, Khan NA, Burd NA, Holscher HD. Associations between Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Fecal Microbiota in Adults with Overweight and Obesity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2023 Apr 1;55(4):680-689. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003096. Epub 2022 Dec 22. | |
| 34191028 | Derived | Khan NA, Edwards CG, Thompson SV, Hannon BA, Burke SK, Walk ADM, Mackenzie RWA, Reeser GE, Fiese BH, Burd NA, Holscher HD. Avocado Consumption, Abdominal Adiposity, and Oral Glucose Tolerance Among Persons with Overweight and Obesity. J Nutr. 2021 Sep 4;151(9):2513-2521. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxab187. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D056128 | Obesity, Abdominal |
| D007333 | Insulin Resistance |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
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| Control |
| Other |
The control meals will be isocaloric to the intervention meals but will not contain avocado. |
|
Cognitive function will be evaluated using tasks that measure prefrontal cognitive control and hippocampal relational memory networks. |
| Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks |
| Retinal Lutein | Retinal lutein will be assessed using Macular Pigment Optical Density. | Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks |
| Serum Lutein | Serum lutein will be assessed using venous blood samples. | Baseline, 12 weeks |
| Blood Lipid Panel | Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides will be assessed using venous blood samples. | Baseline, 12 weeks |
| Resting Energy Expenditure | REE will be measured by indirect calorimetry. | Baseline, 12 weeks |
| Neuroelectric Assessment | A Neuroelectric Assessment will be conducted during cognitive tasks using an Electroencephalogram (EEG) amplifier. | Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks |
| DNA Analyses | Genetic markers related to obesity and cognitive function will be assessed using blood samples to determine the mediating effects of genetics on changes related to study outcomes. | Baseline |
| Dietary Intake | Dietary intake will be evaluated using 7 day diet records at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks and by NCI NHANES 30-day food frequency questionnaires at baseline and 12 weeks. | Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks |
| Sleep and Fatigue | Sleep and fatigue will be evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index | Baseline, 12 weeks |
| Physical Activity | Physical activity will be measured over 7 day periods by a waist mounted accelerometer. | Baseline, 12 weeks |
| Blood Pressure | Blood pressure will be measured using an automatic blood pressure cuff. | Baseline, 12 weeks |
| Liver Enzymes | Liver enzymes will be assessed using venous blood samples. | Baseline, 12 weeks |
| Inflammatory Markers | Markers of inflammation such as c-reactive protein (CRP) will be assessed using venous blood samples. | Baseline, 12 weeks |
| 32805028 | Derived | Thompson SV, Bailey MA, Taylor AM, Kaczmarek JL, Mysonhimer AR, Edwards CG, Reeser GE, Burd NA, Khan NA, Holscher HD. Avocado Consumption Alters Gastrointestinal Bacteria Abundance and Microbial Metabolite Concentrations among Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr. 2021 Apr 8;151(4):753-762. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa219. |
| 31846631 | Derived | Edwards CG, Walk AM, Thompson SV, Reeser GE, Erdman JW Jr, Burd NA, Holscher HD, Khan NA. Effects of 12-week avocado consumption on cognitive function among adults with overweight and obesity. Int J Psychophysiol. 2020 Feb;148:13-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.12.006. Epub 2019 Dec 14. |
| 30622502 | Derived | Jones AR, Robbs CM, Edwards CG, Walk AM, Thompson SV, Reeser GE, Holscher HD, Khan NA. Retinal Morphometric Markers of Crystallized and Fluid Intelligence Among Adults With Overweight and Obesity. Front Psychol. 2018 Dec 21;9:2650. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02650. eCollection 2018. |
| D009750 |
| Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D006946 | Hyperinsulinism |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |