The Shanghai Stroke Service System（4S） has been established as the network of stroke care in greater Shanghai metropolitan area. The system includes 11 territorial-care hospitals and their comprehensive stroke unites that provide 24h/7day acute stroke care to a population of 40 million in Shanghai. The System comprised of two consecutive phases, the acute phase that emphasized on providing thrombolysis, and the in-hospital phase that concentrated on the effort of recovery and secondary stroke prevention. The novel electronic data aquisition system provides the contiguous data of clinical care of stroke patients from the acute phase of management to inpatient rehabilitation. This system has been implemented and maintained as an ongoing quality of stroke care project that monitored the process of routine stroke care in Shanghai. It is funded by the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning. Our analysis of the project was approved by the Ethics Committee, which agreed that no written informed consents were needed since the study only was consisted of a population-based retrospective data analysis.

The goal of Shanghai stroke service system is to promote and facilitate high quality standardized stroke care in Shanghai area. The 11 hospitals involved are committed to provide the best stroke care to their patients. This quality goal consists of two parts: the acute phase of stroke care and the subsequent care during the hospitalization. To accomplish this goal, each hospital has organized a multidisciplinary stroke team that will address day-to-day stroke care. Each hospital provides prioritized neuroimaging service to patients with acute stroke 24hr per day, 7days per week. A stroke neurologist is on site 24hr per day, 7 days per week in each hospital. This team will follow the guidelines to carry out standardized secondary stroke prevention once the patient has been admitted.

The stroke clinical pathway is available on line in computers of each hospital. This pathway can be accessed from hospital computers, or from outside.

Stroke team members in each hospital obtained and entered all data on each stroke patient: demographics, stroke onset time, onset to thrombolytic time, presenting NIHSS, timing of diagnostic procedures, treatment strategies, performance of quality measures, comorbidities, in-hospital mortality, etc. These data are contained in a three-page form, which are embedded in the electronic health record of each patient.

If ICD-10 stroke codes were entered as the primary discharge diagnoses, the electronic health record systems would not allow the discharge of the patient until all required documentation has been completed. The EHR would not allow for any empty fields before it could be closed. Data quality was assured by automatic feasibility checks. The novel electronic data acquisition system provides the continuous clinical care data on all stroke patients from their acute management phase to inpatient rehabilitation or discharge.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 18 years old or older
• primary diagnosis as acute stroke or TIA within 7 days from onset
• admitted in stroke unit.

Exclusion Criteria:

• child or teenager younger than 18 years old
• woman with pregnant
• outpatient
• any other reason that patient cannot be admitted for secondary prevention

Patient with acute stroke are admitted to these 11 hospital in Shanghai for secondary prevention.

The data is planning to make individual participant data available, especially to anticipating collaborator.