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this study investigates the analgesic efficacy and other possible effects of ketamine, morphine, and both together when administered intrathecally for control of postoperative pain following lower abdominal cancer surgeries.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| group I: morphine group | Active Comparator | patients received 10 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% in 2 ml volume and 0.3 mg morphine in 1 ml volume intrathecally. |
|
| group II: ketamine group | Active Comparator | patients received 10 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% in 2 ml volume and 0.1 mg/kg ketamine in 1ml volume intrathecally. |
|
| group III: morphine + ketamine group | Active Comparator | patients received 10 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% in 2 ml volume and 0.3 mg morphine plus 0.1 mg/kg of Ketamine in 1 ml volume intrathecally. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| intrathecal morphine | Drug | patients received 10 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% in 2 ml volume and 0.3 mg intrathecal morphine1 ml volume. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores | postoperative pain measured by this score. | 24 hours postoperative |
| time to first analgesic request | the time passed till the first request of rescue analgesia by the patients | 24 hours postoperative |
| total analgesic consumption | the total amount of rescue analgesic drug used allover follow up period | 24 hours postoperative |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| side effects | the type and rate of incidence of side effects during the follow up period | 24 hours postoperative |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007649 | Ketamine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003510 | Cyclohexanes |
| D003516 | Cycloparaffins |
| D006840 | Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic |
| D006844 | Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
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| intrathecal ketamine | Drug | patients received 10 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% in 2 ml volume and 0.1 mg/kg intrathecal ketamine in 1ml volume. |
|
| intrathecal morphine + ketamine | Drug | patients received 10 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% in 2 ml volume and intrathecal morphine + ketamine 0.3 mg and 0.1 mg/kg respectively in 1 ml volume. |
|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D006838 |
| Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |