To obtain a better understanding on the comparative effectiveness of rivaroxaban versus VKA(Vitamin K antagonist) for stroke prevention in patients with NVAF(non-valvular atrial fibrillation) in a real-life setting

Inclusion Criteria:

• NVAF(non-valvular atrial fibrillation) will be defined as the occurrence of 2 or more inpatient or outpatient claims with ICD(International Classification of Disease)-9 427.31 as the diagnosis code at any time in the patient's data history prior to inclusion
• Patients will be required to have 180 days of enrollment for the assessment of baseline characteristics
• CHA2DS2-Vasc score ≥2 during the 180 days prior to index rivaroxaban use baseline period (CHA2DS2-Vasc: Diabetes mellitus; S2: prior Stroke or TIA or Thromboembolism; V: Vascular disease; A: Age 65-74 years; Sc: Sex category)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients <18 years of age

• Patients with valvular AF (Atrial fibrillation)

• Pregnancy

• Malignant cancers

• Transient cause of AF

• Patients with venous thromboembolism (pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis)

• Patients with major surgery defined as hip or knee replacement

• Prescriptions of oral anticoagulants (OACs) (apixaban, warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban) before index date

• Prescription of more than one OAC on the index date

• Patient with any of the events defined in the composite endpoint

  • Fatal bleeding
  • Fatal Stroke/Myocardial infarction
  • Intracranial hemorrhage
  • Ischemic stroke
  • Myocardial infarction

Patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF)