To obtain a better understanding on the comparative effectiveness of rivaroxaban and vitamin K antagonists (VKA) for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (SPAF) in a real-life setting

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ≥18 years on the day of the first prescription of the study drug (= index date) during study selection window
• Diagnosis of NVAF on start date of study or anytime during 365 days before this date
• Availability of follow-up at least 180 days after the date of the first prescription of study drug within selection window of study (exposure start date)
• Evidence of patient activity in the database during 90 days before the date of the first prescription of target drug within selection window.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with valvular AF
• Prescriptions of Oral Anticoagulants (OACs): VKA, Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban before index date
• Prescription of more than one OAC on the index date or switch to another OAC during the follow-up period
• Prescriptions of < 15mg rivaroxaban at index date or during the follow-up period for patients in rivaroxaban cohort

Patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF)