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This research uses a multi-phase approach to adapt and implement an established intervention, Critical Time Intervention, for a new population and setting among individuals with substance use who are at risk of relapse following residential substance abuse treatment. The goals of the study are to: (PHASE 1) identify challenges and strategies of community reentry among individuals in residential substance abuse treatment and their providers and social support networks (e.g., family, friends, community members); (PHASE 2) adapt CTI for individuals in residential substance abuse treatment to prepare them for discharge and transition back into the community; and (PHASE 3) conduct a pilot study to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of the adapted CTI compared to enhanced usual discharge planning services.
This randomized pilot study will examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of the adapted CTI compared to enhanced usual discharge planning services. More specifically, 60 participants will be randomized to either CTI (n=30) or enhanced usual discharge planning services (n=30) at the time of discharge. Participants will complete a baseline interview (prior to randomization) and 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-month follow-up assessments post-discharge.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Critical Time Intervention-Residential | Experimental | CTI-R is a 9-month, assertive outreach and linkage program. |
|
| Enhanced Usual Discharge-Residential | Active Comparator | The enhanced usual discharge condition includes usual discharge services plus enhanced transition services. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Critical Time Intervention-Residential (CTI-R) | Behavioral | CTI-R is a 9-month, time-limited intervention that aims to produce an enduring impact by effectively linking individuals to both professional services (substance abuse and health and mental health providers) and social supports (e.g., family and friends) and by providing emotional and practical support. Participants in the CTI-R condition will also receive usual discharge services from the residential substance abuse treatment program. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Enrollment | Proportion of participants enrolled in the study as measured by the research records | Baseline |
| Change in retention | Proportion of participants completed the study as measured by the research records | 3, 6, 9, and 12 months |
| Short-term Relapse | Proportion of participants who relapsed (i.e., substance use) as measured by Addiction Severity Index | 3 months |
| Use of aftercare services | Proportion of participants who were linked to aftercare services (i.e. substance use treatment) at the time of discharge as measured by the Treatment Service Review (TSR) | 3 months |
| Housing | Proportion of participants housed at the time of discharge | 3 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Short-term Social Support | Level of social support as measured by the 8-item modified Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey | 3 months |
| Short-term Self-Efficacy | Level of self-efficacy as measured by "I feel like I'm in control of my alcohol or drug use." |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Individuals that do not meet the aforementioned inclusion criteria will be excluded from the study.More specifically, the following categories will be excluded:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jennifer I Manuel, PhD | New York University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York University | New York | New York | 10003 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019966 | Substance-Related Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D064419 | Chemically-Induced Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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|
| Enhanced Usual Discharge Services-Residential | Behavioral | The enhanced usual discharge condition encompasses the regular discharge services offered at the residential treatment program plus enhanced transition services. |
|
| 3 months |
| Short-term Mental Health | Level of mental health severity as measured by the Brief Symptom Inventory | 3 months |
| Change in Relapse | Proportion of participants who relapsed (i.e., substance use) as measured by Addiction Severity Index | 3, 6, and 9 months |
| Long-term Relapse | Proportion of participants who relapsed (i.e., substance use) as measured by Addiction Severity Index | 12 months |
| Change in Social Support | Level of social support as measured by the 8-item modified Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey | 3, 6, and 9 months |
| Long-term Social Support | Level of social support as measured by the 8-item modified Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey | 12 months |
| Change in Self-Efficacy | Level of self-efficacy as measured by "I feel like I'm in control of my alcohol or drug use." | 3, 6, and 9 months |
| Long-term Self-Efficacy | Level of self-efficacy as measured by "I feel like I'm in control of my alcohol or drug use." | 12 months |
| Change in Mental Health | Level of mental health severity as measured by the Brief Symptom Inventory | 3, 6, and 9 months |
| Long-term Mental Health | Level of mental health severity as measured by the Brief Symptom Inventory | 12 months |