Molecular Response After Concurrent Exercise With Low Glycogen

The Effects of Glycogen Availability on the Skeletal Muscle Molecular Response After Concurrent Exercise

This is a randomized, counterbalanced crossover design, in which 14 male subjects will complete two experimental trials. Each trial will be separated by a minimum of at least 12 days (range: 12-30 days). The study aims to investigate the effects of low glycogen availability on skeletal muscle molecular response after a concurrent exercise day.

Two experimental exercise trials; a low carbohydrate (= LOW) and a high carbohydrate (= HIGH) trial. During both experimental days subjects will complete an continues submaximal cycling bout in the morning followed by a resistance exercise session in the early afternoon. During the LOW trial subjects will receive a low carbohydrate mixed meal, during the HIGH trial subjects will be provided with a high carbohydrate meal. In addition, on both experimental days subjects will receive adequate protein beverages. Lastly, protein will be provided post resistance exercise.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male gender between 18 and 30 years of age
• BMI between 18.5 - 25 kg/m2
• Participating in regular exercise training (at least 1 exercise session, and a maximum of 3 exercise session per week)
• Used to different types of exercise (endurance, resistance and/or concurrent)
• Willing to give blood samples
• Willing to give muscle biopsies
• No use of antibiotics during the study or in the past month
• No drug use
• Suitable veins for blood withdrawal
• Registered by a general-practitioner
• Consumption of alcohol beverages is less than 21 per week
• No blood donor during the study
• No vegetarian and willing to eat meat during the experimental days
• Able to be present and participate at both test days and pre testing moments
• Not employed, or intern, or working on thesis at the department of Human Nutrition at Wageningen University
• Not participating in another scientific study (except EetMeetWeet)
• Able to participate during the experimental days en pre tests
• Able to speak Dutch

Exclusion Criteria:

• Medical condition that can interfere with the study outcome (i.e. cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, gluten intolerance)
• Systolic blood pressure >160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure >100 mmHg
• Use of medications known to interfere with gene expression in the muscles (i.e. statins, fenofibrate)
• Use of antithrombotic therapy (marcoumar, sintromitis).
• Diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2
• (Chronic) injuries of the locomotor system that can interfere with the intervention