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The primary aim of this study is to investigate the difference in the first attempt and overall success rate of different techniques for insertion of transesophageal echocardiography. Secondary aim is to investigate the difference of the duration of insertion using the selected technique, complications during insertion such as oropharyngeal mucosal injury and hematoma.
Eighty adult patients, who received general anaesthesia for elective open heart surgeries that required transesophageal echocardiography insertion, will be randomized by means of a computer-generated randomization order into two groups: Conventional group (Group C), and videolaryngoscope group (group VL).
Success rate of the selected technique (first attempt and overall), duration of insertion for selected technique, complications such as oropharyngeal mucosal injury and hematoma will be noted.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| conventional technique | Active Comparator | transesophageal echocardiography probe was inserted using a traditional blind insertion technique. |
|
| videolaryngoscope technique | Experimental | transesophageal echocardiography probe was advanced into esophagus under direct vision using videolaryngoscope |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| conventional technique | Device | transesophageal echocardiography probe was inserted using a traditional blind insertion technique. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| difference in the first attempt and overall success rate | investigate the difference in the first attempt and overall success rate (with percentage) of different techniques for insertion of transesophageal echocardiography probe. | participants will be followed from the beginning of the transesophageal echocardiography probe insertion through the mouth to the confirmation of successful insertion (10 minutes) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| difference of the duration of insertion and complications during insertion | investigate the difference of the duration of insertion (in seconds) using the selected technique and complications (with number and percentage) during insertion such as oropharyngeal mucosal injury and hematoma. | participants will be followed for the duration of intraoperative period and postoperative 8 hours. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Nılgun Kavrut Ozturk, MD | Antalya Training and Research Hospital | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation | Antalya | 07100 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25976603 | Background | Chang JE, Min SW, Kim CS, Lee JM, No H, Hwang JY. Effect of Jaw Thrust on Transesophageal Echocardiography Probe Insertion and Concomitant Oropharyngeal Injury. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2015 Oct;29(5):1266-71. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2015.02.003. Epub 2015 Feb 7. | |
| 19104168 | Background | Na S, Kim CS, Kim JY, Cho JS, Kim KJ. Rigid laryngoscope-assisted insertion of transesophageal echocardiography probe reduces oropharyngeal mucosal injury in anesthetized patients. Anesthesiology. 2009 Jan;110(1):38-40. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e318190b56e. |
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| videolaryngoscope technique | Device | transesophageal echocardiography probe was advanced into esophagus under direct vision using videolaryngoscope |
|
| 15126737 | Background | Aviv JE, Di Tullio MR, Homma S, Storper IS, Zschommler A, Ma G, Petkova E, Murphy M, Desloge R, Shaw G, Benjamin S, Corwin S. Hypopharyngeal perforation near-miss during transesophageal echocardiography. Laryngoscope. 2004 May;114(5):821-6. doi: 10.1097/00005537-200405000-00006. |
| 18375345 | Background | Hirabayashi Y, Okada O, Seo N. Airtraq laryngoscope for the insertion of a transesophageal echocardiography probe. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2008 Apr;22(2):331-2. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2007.06.012. Epub 2007 Aug 22. No abstract available. |
| 17678807 | Background | Hirabayashi Y. GlideScope-assisted insertion of a transesophageal echocardiography probe. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2007 Aug;21(4):628. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2006.11.015. Epub 2007 Feb 22. No abstract available. |