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Glycemic index concept is widely used to determine impact of a food to blood glucose. Several studies showed that water content and intake after meal may influence glycemic response of the meal and thus have an effect on the result of GI measurement. Currently these studies found conflicting results. Therefore, this study aims to determine whether water intake, specifically after meal, may influence the glycemic response and glycemic index value of the meal.
Glycemic index methods are performed according to Food and Agricultural Organization/WHO recommendations.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose Ref - Std | Experimental | 250 ml glucose solution with 50 gram available carbohydrate per serving, used as reference |
|
| Glucose Ref and 450 ml water | Experimental | 250 ml glucose solution with 50 gram available carbohydrate per serving. Sample was consumed with additional water intake @150 ml at 45, 75, and 105 minutes after meal consumption |
|
| White Bread with 250 ml water | Experimental | White bread with 50 gram available carbohydrate was consumed with 250 ml water immediately after meal consumption |
|
| White Bread and 700 ml water | Experimental | White bread with 50 gram available carbohydrate was consumed with 250 ml water immediately after meal consumption. Moreover, subjects given additional water intake @150 ml at 45, 75, and 105 minutes after meal consumption |
|
| White Bread with 125 ml water (twice) | Experimental | Sample consumed with 125 ml water immediately after meal consumption, and additional 125 ml water after 60 minutes |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose Ref - Std | Other | First, fasting blood glucose was measured. Then, subjects consumed the glucose sample in 5-10 minutes and blood sugar level were measured at 0', 15', 30', 45', 60', 90', and 120' |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| 2 h postprandial blood glucose level (Glycemic Response) | fasting 0 min, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min | |
| Glycemic index value of meal (white bread) | The glycemic index is a calculated from measurements of area under the glucose curve after the food is eaten, divided by the corresponding area after the control food is eaten. The value is multiplied by 100 to represent a percentage of the reference food. | fasting 0 min, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanessa Yolanda, SSi | Contact | vanessa.yolanda@nutrifood.co.id | ||
| Lina Antono, MSc | Contact | lina.antono@nutrifood.co.id |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Vanessa Yolanda, SSi | Nutrifood Research Center | Principal Investigator |
| Astri Kurniati, MAppSc | Nutrifood Research Center | Study Chair |
| Lina Antono, MSc |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT Nutrifood Indonesia | Recruiting | Jakarta | DKI Jakarta | 13920 | Indonesia |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9743703 | Background | Carbohydrates in human nutrition. Report of a Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation. FAO Food Nutr Pap. 1998;66:1-140. No abstract available. | |
| Background | Young KWH, Wolever TMS. Effect of volume and type of beverage consumed with a standard test meal on postprandial blood glucose responses. Nutrition Research 18(11): 1857-1863, 1998 | ||
| 2759361 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014867 | Water |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006878 | Hydroxides |
| D000468 | Alkalies |
| D007287 | Inorganic Chemicals |
| D000838 | Anions |
| D007477 |
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|
| Glucose Ref and 450 ml water | Other | First, fasting blood glucose was measured. Then, subjects consumed the glucose sample in 5-10 minutes. Subjects given additional 150 ml water at 45, 75, and 105 minutes and blood sugar level were measured at 0', 15', 30', 45', 60', 90', and 120 |
|
| White Bread with 250 ml water | Other | First, fasting blood glucose was measured. Then, subjects consumed the samples in 10-15 minutes and blood sugar level were measured at 0', 15', 30', 45', 60', 90', and 120' |
|
| White Bread and 700 ml water | Other | Sample consumed with 250 ml water immediately after meal consumption, and additional 150 ml water at 45, 75, and 105 minutes. First, fasting blood glucose was measured. Then, subjects consumed the samples in 10-15 minutes and blood sugar level were measured at 0', 15', 30', 45', 60', 90', and 120' |
|
| White Bread with 125 ml water (twice) | Other | Sample consumed with 125 ml water immediately after meal consumption, and additional 125 ml water after 60 minutes First, fasting blood glucose was measured. Then, subjects consumed the samples in 10-15 minutes and blood sugar level were measured at 0', 15', 30', 45', 60', 90', and 120' |
|
| Nutrifood Research Center |
| Principal Investigator |
| Background |
| Torsdottir I, Andersson H. Effect on the postprandial glycaemic level of the addition of water to a meal ingested by healthy subjects and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. Diabetologia. 1989 Apr;32(4):231-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00285289. |
| 2203255 | Background | Gregersen S, Rasmussen O, Winther E, Hermansen K. Water volume and consumption time: influence on the glycemic and insulinemic responses in non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990 Sep;52(3):515-8. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/52.3.515. |
| Ions |
| D004573 | Electrolytes |
| D010087 | Oxides |
| D017601 | Oxygen Compounds |