the psychiatric nursing approach based on the Tidal Model

The control group received routine treatment and follow-up in the Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Clinic.

To provide individualized care for patients in the experimental group, the One-to-One Sessions were initiated and interventions were performed in line with the goals of the persons and the aims of the research. The interventions were selected from interventions regarding with coping and self-esteem from the Nursing Interventions Classification(NIC) system.The One-to-One sessions help the person recognize change and focus the person on achievement and goals.Taking into account the basic process of the Tidal Model, care stages, the following interview plan was drawn up, containing the details of the interviews to be carried out with people with alcohol dependency, and the One-to-One Sessions were held in line with this plan two times per week.

The Coping Inventory was developed by Carver et al. in 1989, and Turkish validity and reliability were carried out in 2005 by Ağargün et al. Each sub-scale of COPE gives information on a different attitude to coping. The scores on the sub-scales allow an interpretation to be made of which attitude to coping an individual uses most.

The Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory was developed by Stanley Coopersmith(1986), and adapted to Turkish by Turan and Tufan(1987), who also carried out the validity and reliability study. It consists of 25 items, which contain statements about the person's outlook on life, family relations, social relations and endurance. Scores range from 0 to 100.