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Often the less experienced as medical students are charged with the role as camera navigator and assistant during laparoscopic surgery. Camera navigation is generally considered an easy skill, but it requires specific psychomotor and visuospatial skills. Simulation-based training can improve surgical skills, but little is known on how to optimally structure a training program to acquire camera navigation skills. The objective of this trial is to examine if simulation-based laparoscopic camera navigation skills transfer to the operating room after practicing one of two fundamentally different laparoscopic tasks on a simulator. The first group practice a procedure on a virtual reality simulator, the second group practice camera navigation on a virtual reality simulator and the third group receive no training. All participants are tested as camera navigators and assistants during a procedure in the operating room.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | No Intervention | Receive no training. | |
| CN-group | Experimental | Receive basic camera navigation training. |
|
| Procedure-group | Experimental | Receive training on a laparoscopic procedure. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN-group | Procedure | Time limited simulation based training on camera navigation tasks on a virtual reality-simulator. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Surgeons' rating on camera navigation performance during a procedure in the operating room. | up to 1-3 weeks post training |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Score on the intrinsic motivation inventory-scale | An expression of motivation as a surgical assistant and camera navigation after completion of the procedure in the OR | 2 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27770252 | Derived | Nilsson C, Sorensen JL, Konge L, Westen M, Stadeager M, Ottesen B, Bjerrum F. Simulation-based camera navigation training in laparoscopy-a randomized trial. Surg Endosc. 2017 May;31(5):2131-2139. doi: 10.1007/s00464-016-5210-5. Epub 2016 Oct 21. |
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| Procedure-group | Procedure | Time limited simulation based training on laparoscopic procedure on a virtual reality-simulator. |
|