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With an efficient epidural analgesia the physiological effects of pain are disabled during labor. Pain may cause an increase of minute volume, oxygen consumption and a decrease of paCO2 (Arterial CO2 pressure). The study will evaluate the lung function before and after labor with and without epidural analgesia. With more efficient breathing, the occurence of atelectasis should be reduced; this effect will be investigated in these settings for the first time with the electrical impedance tomography, which is a completely non-invasive measure.
The bedside efficacy of the electrical impedance tomography (EIT) in intensive care settings during mechanical ventilation is known. However, no studies demonstrate its utility during epidural analgesia for labor.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate lung function and atelectasis in pregnant women with or without epidural analgesia, during labor and after delivery.
Only adult consenting patients ASA I & ASA II (American Society of Anaesthesiologists) are included in the study. According to institutional protocols lumbal epidural catheter is inserted and tested at the start of the labor, while patients' parameters are monitored.
Refusal to epidural analgesia, technical difficulties to insert the epidural catheter or any medical contraindication will result in inclusion of these patients in the control group.
Measurement with EIT is not invasive and harmful neither for the mother nor for the child.
It consists of putting a belt around the chest; this belt is linked to a monitor which measures the impedance of the different lung regions.
Electrical impedance measurements will be done for short periods of maximum 5 min. each as follows:
These periods will be compared.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Epidural analgesia Ropivacaine | Active Comparator | Placement of an epidural catheter to achieve pain relief |
|
| Absence of epidural analgesia | Sham Comparator | No placement of an epidural catheter either because of patient refusal or contraindication |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epidural analgesia Ropivacaine | Drug | Measurement of regional distribution as assessed by EIT before and after injection of local anesthetics |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Better lung function after labor with epidural analgesia | Using EIT we will map the degree of atelectasis | 24h |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Maxim Doutreluigne, MD | Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel | Principal Investigator |
| Laszlo L Szegedi, Prof. | Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel | Jette | Vlaams Brabant | 1090 | Belgium |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001261 | Pulmonary Atelectasis |
| D053120 | Respiratory Aspiration |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D012120 | Respiration Disorders |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
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| Absence of epidural analgesia | Drug | Measurement of regional distribution as assessed by EIT before and after delivery |
|
| D013568 |
| Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |