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This study tested the effectiveness of an adventure-based training programme in promoting the psychological well-being of primary schoolchildren. A randomised controlled trial was conducted, with 56 primary school pupils randomly assigned to the experimental group participating in the adventure-based training programme and 64 to the attention placebo control group.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| experimental group | Experimental | The subjects had to participate an adventure-based training programme. |
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| placebo control group | Placebo Comparator | The subjects had to participate a placebo control programme |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| an adventure-based training programme | Behavioral | The programme consisted of five education sessions (around 75 minutes each) and a day's adventure-based training camp at the end of the academic year |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children at baseline | baseline depressive symptoms | baseline |
| change of The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children at 9 months from baseline | depressive symptoms after the last intervention session | 9 months |
| change of The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children at 12 months from baseline | depressive symptoms after 3 months from the last intervention session | 12 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Chinese version of the State Anxiety Scale for Children at baseline | baseline anxiety level | baseline |
| change of The Chinese version of the State Anxiety Scale for Children at 9 months from baseline |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| William, Ho Cheung LI, PhD | School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong | Principal Investigator |
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| a placebo control programme | Other | Subjects in the control group were invited to attend five 75-minute sessions of leisure activities, organised by a community centre, which included a cartoon film show, handicraft workshops, a health talk on the prevention of influenza and age-appropriate physical leisure activities, such as table tennis, badminton, chess and Chinese billiards. Additionally, they were invited to join a day visit to Hong Kong Ocean Park at the end of the academic year. |
|
anxiety level after the last intervention session
| 9 months |
| change of The Chinese version of the State Anxiety Scale for Children at 12 months from baseline | anxiety level after 3 months from the last intervention session | 12 months |
| The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale at baseline | baseline self-esteem | baseline |
| change of The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale at 9 month from baseline | self-esteem after the last intervention session | 9 months |
| change of The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale at 12 month from baseline | self-esteem after 3 months from the last intervention session | 12 months |
| The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic at baseline | baseline quality of life | baseline |
| change of The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic at 9 months from baseline | quality of life after the last intervention session | 9 months |
| change of The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic at 12 months from baseline | quality of life after 3 months from the last intervention session | 12 months |