The frequency of Barrett's esophagus (BE) has increased in adults in the last decades, but BE is rare in children. Esophageal atresia (EA), the most common congenital anomaly affecting the esophagus, predisposes the patient to severe and prolonged gastroesophageal reflux disease. Because gastroesophageal reflux disease plays a major role in the development of BE by causing repeated mucosal damage, development of BE is a concern even in children and young adults in this specific population. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of BE (gastric and/or intestinal metaplasia) in a population of adolescents/young adults who had been treated for EA in early infancy. All eligible patients received upper gastrointestinal endoscopy under general anesthesia with standardized esophageal staged biopsies. Histological suspicion of metaplasia was confirmed centrally.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Medical history of esophageal atresia (all types, Ladd's classification)

Exclusion Criteria:

• No medical history of esophageal atresia
• Non acceptance to participate from the patient and/or his parents
• esophageal atresia treated with esophageal replacement (e.g., coloplasty, gastric transposition)

All esophageal atresia patients treated in 20 centers that participated in the French-speaking Group of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and/or were members of the esophageal atresia national registry