This study evaluates the Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the treatment of Acute on Chronic Liver Failure in adult. Half participants will receive G-CSF and standard treatment in combination, while half participants will receive standard treatment.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) can be used to mobilize stem cells to the periphery and the liver tissue in patients with advanced liver disease, and could promote hepatic regeneration. Moreover, G-CSF was reported to protect patients from sepsis by restoring the function of both neutrophils and monocytes. Therefore, G-CSF therapy may be beneficial for liver regeneration in patients with ACLF induced by different causes.

standard therapy for the treatment of ACLF includes reduced glutathione, glycyrrhizin, ademetionine,polyene phosphatidylcholine, alprostadil, and human serum albumin) on the day of admission. HBV associated ACLF patients receive entecavir at the same time

Inclusion Criteria:

1. age from 17ys to 70ys;
2. fale or femal;
3. ACLF, as defined by the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver Working Party, is an acute hepatic insult manifested as jaundice (serum bilirubin ≥ 5 mg/dL) and coagulopathy[international normalized ratio (INR) ≥ 1.5 or prothrombin activity< 40%], with complications of ascites and/or encephalopathy within 4 wk in patients previously diagnosed or undiagnosed with chronic HBV associated liver disease and alcoholic liver

Exclusion Criteria:

1. super-infection or co-infection with hepatitis A, C, D, E,Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, or human immunodeficiency virus;
2. a previous course immuno-modulator or cytotoxic/immunosuppressive therapy for chronic hepatitis within the prior 12 mo;
3. hepato-cellular carcinoma diagnosed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging;
4. co-existence of any other serious medical illnesses or other liver diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury or Wilson's disease;
5. any concurrent evidence of sepsis;
6. malignant jaundice induced by obstructive jaundice and hemolytic jaundice;
7. prolonged prothrombin time due to blood system disease.