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The aim of this study is to investigate the long-term follow-up of the previously conducted FOAM study.
It describes the long-term quality of life (QoL) after ultrasound guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) and surgical stripping, outcomes with regard to clinical, and ultrasound recurrence, progression of venous disease, predictive value of the presence of central / deep venous obstruction for recurrence of varicose veins and the long term cost analysis.
Recurrence of varicose veins was defined as the presence of one or more venous symptoms such as pain, cramps, restless legs and a tired/heavy feeling in the treated leg, in combination with the presence of reflux longer than 0·5 s.
The initial definition of recurrent reflux, which is defined as reflux for more than 2 cm in length in the treated vein segment (proximal great saphenous vein (GSV) ) as measured by colour flow duplex ultrasound (DUS). DUS findings of the treated proximal GSV were categorized as: 1, absence of reflux; 2, reflux; 3, occlusion; 4, partial occlusion with reflux; 5, absence of vein, is being used. Patients in categories 2 and 4 are considered to have reflux.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| High ligation and stripping (surgery) | 6-10 years post classical stripping of the great saphenous vein. | ||
| Foam sclerotherapy | 6-10 years post post ultrasound guided foam sclerotherapy of the great saphenous vein. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| long-term QoL follow-up of patients after UGFS and surgical stripping | 6-10 years follow-up |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical recurrence | 6-10 years follow-up | |
| Technical recurrence | Vein closure rates | 6-10 years follow-up |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients who were randomized and received the allocated treatment UGFS or surgical stripping.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yee Lai Lam, M.D. | Contact | +31433881472 | y.lam@maastrichtuniversity.nl |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| C.H.A. Wittens, M.D. PhD | Maastricht UMC | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Dermatology, Atrium Medical Centre. | Recruiting | Heerlen | Limburg | Netherlands |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22627969 | Result | Shadid N, Ceulen R, Nelemans P, Dirksen C, Veraart J, Schurink GW, van Neer P, vd Kley J, de Haan E, Sommer A. Randomized clinical trial of ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy versus surgery for the incompetent great saphenous vein. Br J Surg. 2012 Aug;99(8):1062-70. doi: 10.1002/bjs.8781. Epub 2012 May 25. | |
| 29652081 | Derived |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014648 | Varicose Veins |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
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| Number of retreatments |
| 6-10 years follow-up |
| Venous Clinical Severity Score change | 6-10 years follow-up |
| Maastricht UMC+ | Recruiting | Maastricht | Limburg | 6202AZ | Netherlands |
|
| Departments of Dermatology and Surgery, Laurentius Hospital | Recruiting | Roermond | Limburg | Netherlands |
|
| Lam YL, Lawson JA, Toonder IM, Shadid NH, Sommer A, Veenstra M, van der Kleij AMJ, Ceulen RP, de Haan E, Ibrahim F, van Dooren T, Nieman FH, Wittens CHA. Eight-year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial comparing ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy with surgical stripping of the great saphenous vein. Br J Surg. 2018 May;105(6):692-698. doi: 10.1002/bjs.10762. |