The purpose of this study is to evaluate safety and efficacy of gene-activated matrix ("Nucleostim") for regeneration of bone tissue in maxillofacial area. Patients with congenital and acquired maxillofacial defects (sockets of extracted teeth, bone defects after injuries, surgeries, excision of benign neoplasms and pseudotumors, etc.) or alveolar bone atrophy will be included into the study.

All patients enrolled into the study will receive standard surgery procedures indicated in accordance with medical care standards for the certain disease. Maxillofacial bone defects (formed after injuries, surgeries, excision of benign neoplasms and pseudotumors, teeth extraction, etc.) or areas of alveolar bone atrophy will be the filled by gene-activated matrix "Nucleostim". Safety and efficacy of implanted osteoplastic material will be assessed by physical examination, comprehensive laboratory tests, X-ray examination within 60 days after operation.

Inclusion Criteria:

• obtained voluntary informed consent for participation in the clinical study;
• congenital and acquired maxillofacial bone defects (sockets of extracted teeth, bone defects after injuries, surgeries, excision of benign neoplasms and pseudotumors, etc.) or alveolar bone atrophy.

Exclusion Criteria:

• not able or unwilling to give voluntary informed consent for the study or follow requirements of the clinical study;
• decompensated chronic visceral diseases;
• clinically significant laboratory abnormalities;
• HIV, HBV and HCV antibodies in serum;
• alcohol consumption within 4 days prior the study;
• history of drug addiction;
• participation in other clinical studies (or administration of study products) within 3 months prior the study;
• conditions limiting study compliance (dementia, psycho-neurological diseases, drug addiction, alcoholism, etc.);
• malignancies including post-surgical period with chemo- and (or) radiation therapy);
• vascular malformations;
• pregnancy or lactation.