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The purpose of this study was to compare the immediate efficacy of Counterforce brace versus kinesiotaping on patients with lateral epicondylosis/tennis elbow with respect to a repetitive physical task. The investigators hypothesized that there would be difference in the outcomes with respect to interventions and activity. Patient came for one hour long Single occasion testing session and were not followed up after the testing was complete.
This was a cross over randomized control trial. Thirty patients with clinical diagnosis of lateral epicondylosis/tennis elbow were recruited from a local community and were tested on single occasion (one time testing session) before and after a five minute upper extremity repetitive task first with control and then brace and kinesiotape assigned in cross-over design. The testing session was one hour long and there was no follow up of patients following the testing. The patients were recruited between Jan-June 2013.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kinesiotape (KT) | Active Comparator | Kinesiotape was used only on the affected side as per the manufacturer instructions. With the elbow extended, wrist fully flexed and fingers pointed down 24, KT was applied with slight stretch (10-15%) and paper off tension to the lateral arm beginning just above the bony portion of lateral epicondyle. Once the top strand was anchored, KT was applied along the side of elbow such that hole in the tape was over lateral epicondyle of the elbow. Two strands of tape followed the lateral forearm and ended at around beginning of the distal one third of forearm. Once the support was applied, KT was gently rubbed to activate the glue. |
|
| Counterforce elbow brace | Active Comparator | The counterforce brace was approximately 5cm wide with velcro attachment for adjustable girth. It had gel pack for extra support on extensor muscle mass. With the elbow extended, brace was applied 2.5cms below the lateral epicondyle. A feeling of comfortable compression, as reported by the patients was used to adjust the brace. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kinesiotape | Device | Pre-cut kinesiotape for tennis elbow, spidertech.com, applied on wrist extensors starting above elbow and ending at distal one third of forearm |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain free grip strength | Pain free grip strength was recorded with J-tech medical dynamometer before and after five minutes of repetitive physical exposure with first control (no intervention) and then brace and kinesiotape assigned randomly in cross-over fashion. | initial visit |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pressure Pain Threshold | Pressure Pain Threshold was recorded with J-tech medical Algometer before and after five minutes of repetitive physical exposure with first control (no intervention) and then brace and kinesiotape assigned randomly in cross-over fashion. | initial visit |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain levels | Pain levels were recorded with Numeric Pain Rating scale before and after five minutes of repetitive physical exposure with first control (no intervention) and then brace and kinesiotape assigned randomly in cross-over fashion. | initial visit |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Joy C Macdermid, PT, PhD | Western University, Canada | Principal Investigator |
| Pritika Gogia, MSc | Western University, Canada | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph's Health Centre | London | Ontario | N6A 4L6 | Canada |
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|
| Counterforce elbow brace | Device | Applied over the wrist extensor muscle mass, had velcro for adjustment, comfortable grip as reported by patient was used to adjust the brace |
|
|
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013716 | Tennis Elbow |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000070639 | Elbow Tendinopathy |
| D052256 | Tendinopathy |
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D000092464 | Elbow Injuries |
| D001134 | Arm Injuries |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
| D013708 | Tendon Injuries |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D055052 | Athletic Tape |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001458 | Bandages |
| D004864 | Equipment and Supplies |
| D009989 | Orthotic Devices |
| D009983 | Orthopedic Equipment |
| D013523 | Surgical Equipment |
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