Upper Extremity Rehabilitation Using Robot and Botulinum Toxin

Concomitant use of botulinum toxin and robot would make better results regarding upper extremity function compared to robot, botulinum toxin, or no intervention.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Hemiplegic patients secondary to first cerebrovascular accidents
• Shoulder or Elbow flexor spasticity above or modified ashworth scale 1+
• Cognitively intact enough to understand and follow the instructions from the investigator

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of surgery of affected upper limb
• Fracture of affected upper limb
• Recent history of botulinum toxin injection within 6 months