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Malnutrition affects 50% of hospitalized patients around the world and causes changes in respiratory muscles predisposing the development of pulmonary complications probable, because of the ineffectiveness of cough. How the training of respiratory muscles can improve the effectiveness of cough, malnourished patients could benefit from this train however, the training of the muscles in malnourished patients has not been tested for safety or efficiency. So, the aim of this study is to assess the safety and efficiency of respiratory muscle training to improve the potency of cough in malnourished patients.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inspiratory group | Active Comparator | Inspiratory muscle training |
|
| Sham group | Sham Comparator | Sham training |
|
| Expiratory group | Experimental | Expiratory muscle training |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Expiratory muscle training | Other | Patient performs training for 30 minutes per day, during 7 consecutive days, using a Threshold with Positive Expiratory Pressure with a load of 30% of maximal expiratory pressure assessed by digital peak respiratory pressure monitor |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Expiratory peak flow in spirometry | Assessed as expiratory peak flow in spirometry | on the 8th day of protocol (after 7 dyas of training) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum respiratory pressures | Assessed by digital peak respiratory pressure monitor as maximum inspiratory pressure and maximum expiratory pressure | on the 8th day of protocol (after 7 days of training) |
| Postoperative pulmonary complication |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Celso RF Carvalho, PhD | University of Sao Paulo | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospital of Clinics of Sao Paulo | São Paulo | São Paulo | 05403-000 | Brazil |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044342 | Malnutrition |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| Inspiratory muscle training | Other | Patient performs training for 30 minutes per day, during 7 consecutive days, using a Threshold for Inspiratory Muscle Training with a load of 30% of maximal inspiratory pressure assessed by digital peak respiratory pressure monitor |
|
| Sham group | Other | Patient performs training for 30 minutes per day, during 7 consecutive days, using a Threshold without load |
|
The following pulmonary complications were considered: atelectasis with clinical consequences, hypoxemia with oxygen saturation <85%, and need for supplemental oxygen, pneumonia and acute respiratory failure.
The diagnosis of complication was performed by a physician who was blinded to the intervention group.
| participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay after surgery, an expected average of 10 days |